PENGEMBANGAN SOAL PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA BERBASIS COMPUTATIONAL THINKING DENGAN KONTEKS ETNOMATEMATIKA - Nazhira Yuliana; Hidayah Ansori; Juhairiah Juhairiah (Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, 2025)
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan soal pemecahan masalah matematika berbasis Computational Thinking dengan konteks etnomatematika yang valid, reliabel dan praktis. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan, dengan model Tessmer tipe formative research yang terdiri atas preliminary dan formative evaluation. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IX C SMP Negeri 14 Banjarmasin. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar validasi, angket dan lembar soal tes. Analisis data menggunakan teknik uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, serta analisis kepraktisan soal. Tahap Preliminary, peneliti peneliti melakukan pengkajian mengenai soal pemecahan masalah berbasis computional thinking, pembuatan kisi-kisi soal berdasarkan karakteristik siswa sebagai subjek penelitian, dan pendesainan produk sebanyak 5 buah soal. Kemudian, pada tahap formative evaluation, dilakukan tahapan Self-evaluation yaitu penilaian produk oleh peneliti dengan bantuan pembimbing, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahapan expert review yaitu validasi soal oleh 3 orang ahli, kemudian dilakukan uji coba soal kepada 6 orang siswa, dilanjutkan dengan uji coba ke siswa pada satu kelas. Hasil Validasi oleh validator diperoleh bahwa produk yang dikembangkan memperoleh skor validitas logis 3,47 yang masuk dalam kategori valid. Adapun berdasarkan uji coba soal ke siswa diperoleh bahwa soal juga terkategori valid secara empiris. Soal yang dikembangkan memiliki nilai reliabel 0,722 yang terkategori tinggi. Hasil angket respon siswa menunjukkan nilai kepraktisan 4,50 yang masuk dalam kategori praktis. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 5 soal pemecahan masalah matematika berbasis Computational Thinking dengan konteks etnomatematika berbentuk uraian yang valid, reliabel dan praktis. Kata kunci: Pemecahan masalah, Computational Thinking, etnomatematika Abstract: This study aimed to develop valid, reliable, and practical mathematics problem-solving questions based on Computational Thinking within the context of ethnomathematics. The method employed is research and development, utilizing the Tessmer model of formative research, which consists of the preliminary and formative evaluation stages. The research subjects were students of Class IX C at SMP Negeri 14 Banjarmasin. The instruments used included validation sheets, questionnaires, and test question sheets. Data analysis involved validity testing, reliability testing, and practical questions analysis. In the preliminary stage, the researcher reviewed problem-solving questions based on Computational Thinking, developed a question grid based on the characteristics of the research subjects, and designed five test items. During the formative evaluation stage, the researcher first conducted a self-evaluation with assistance from a supervisor. This was followed by an expert review involving validation by three experts. Subsequently, a limited trial was conducted with six students, followed by a class-wide trial. Validation results showed that the developed product achieved a logical validity score of 3.47, which is categorized as valid. Based on empirical testing with students, the questions were also found to be empirically valid. The reliability coefficient of the developed questions was 0.722, which falls into the high category. Student response questionnaires indicated a practicality score of 4.50, which is categorized as practical. This study produced five essay-type mathematics problem-solving questions based on Computational Thinking and situated in an ethnomathematics context that are valid, reliable, and practical. Keywords: Problem-solving, Computational Thinking, Ethnomathematics