Antiinflamatory Potential of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var.rubrum) In Vivo - Ni Wayan Rika Kumara Dewi; Putu Melista Putri; M Kurniawan Susianto (Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, 2025)
ABSTRACTInflammation is a biological response to infection, irritation, or injury, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used to manage inflammation; however, their side effects have led to increased interest in natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) extract in vivo using 25 male white mice (Mus musculus). A post-test only control group design was employed, with mice randomly divided into five groups: negative control (1% CMC-Na), positive control (sodium diclofenac), and treatment groups receiving red ginger extract at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The treatments were applied topically by spraying the footpads after induction with 1% carrageenan. Paw edema was measured using a plethysmometer at specific time intervals. The results showed that the 1.5% red ginger extract had the most significant anti-inflammatory effect, with an average area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.11 mL and anti-inflammatory activity (%AIA) of 25.42%, closely approaching the effect of sodium diclofenac. These findings suggest that red ginger extract has strong potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent and may serve as an effective herbal alternative to conventional anti-inflammatory therapies.Keywords: red ginger, anti-inflammatory, AUC, %AIA, edema.ABSTRAKInflamasi merupakan respons biologis tubuh terhadap infeksi, iritasi, atau cedera yang ditandai dengan kemerahan, panas, nyeri, dan pembengkakan. Obat antiinflamasi umumnya digunakan untuk mengatasi kondisi ini, namun efek samping yang ditimbulkan mendorong pencarian alternatif berbahan alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi antiinflamasi ekstrak jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) secara in vivo pada 25 ekor mencit jantan putih (Mus musculus). Penelitian menggunakan desain post test only control group dan mencit dibagi secara acak dalam lima kelompok: kontrol negatif (CMC-Na 1%), kontrol positif (natrium diklofenak), serta ekstrak jahe merah dengan konsentrasi 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5%. Perlakuan diberikan secara topikal dengan cara disemprotkan pada telapak kaki mencit setelah diinduksi menggunakan larutan karagenan 1%. Volume edema diukur menggunakan plethysmometer pada interval waktu tertentu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe merah 1,5% memberikan efek antiinflamasi paling signifikan dengan nilai rata-rata area under the curve (AUC) sebesar 0,11 mL dan persentase daya antiinflamasi (%DAI) sebesar 25,42%, mendekati efektivitas natrium diklofenak. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe merah berpotensi sebagai agen antiinflamasi alami yang efektif.Kata kunci: jahe merah, antiinflamasi, AUC, %DAI, edema