Analisis health belief model dalam keputusan penggunaan pengobatan komplementer dan alternatif pada pasien kanker payudara: A systematic literature review - Obert, Hendra Augustian; Zamli, Zamli (Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati, 2026)
Background: The high prevalence of breast cancer and the complexity of side effects of conventional treatments have led many patients to turn to complementary and alternative medicine. This decision is often influenced by cultural factors, myths, and complex health perceptions. Purpose: To analyze the health belief model in decision-making regarding the use of complementary and alternative medicine in breast cancer patients. Method: This systematic literature review followed the Public Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension (PRISMA) guidelines for 22 selected articles from 2014–2025. Data were analyzed using narrative synthesis based on the constructs of the health belief model. Results: The study findings indicate that perceived barriers to medical care are dominated by fear of mastectomy and the myth that surgery worsens cancer. In contrast, the perceived benefits of complementary and alternative medicine are high because they are perceived as natural, safe, and proven to improve quality of life. Family cues to action are a key determinant of treatment decisions. Furthermore, modifying factors such as disease duration significantly contribute to medical fatigue, which encourages the use of complementary and alternative medicine. Conclusion: The health belief model effectively explains the shift in patient behavior toward alternative medicine. Integration of cultural approaches and effective communication in oncology services is necessary to bridge the perception gap between patients and medical personnel. Keywords: Breast Cancer; Complementary Medicine; Health Belief Model. Pendahuluan: Tingginya prevalensi kanker payudara dan kompleksitas efek samping pengobatan konvensional mendorong banyak pasien beralih ke pengobatan komplementer dan complementary and alternative medicine. Keputusan ini sering dipengaruhi oleh faktor budaya, mitos, dan persepsi kesehatan yang kompleks. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis health belief model dalam keputusan penggunaan pengobatan komplementer dan alternatif pada pasien kanker payudara. Metode: Penelitian systematic literature review mengikuti pedoman reviews and meta-analyses extension (PRISMA) terhadap 22 artikel terpilih periode 2014–2025. Data dianalisis menggunakan sintesis naratif berdasarkan konstruksi health belief model. Hasil: Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa perceived barriers terhadap medis didominasi oleh ketakutan akan mastektomi dan mitos bahwa operasi memperburuk kanker. Sebaliknya, perceived benefits terhadap complementary and alternative medicine tinggi karena dianggap alami, aman, dan terbukti meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Cues to action dari keluarga menjadi penentu utama keputusan berobat. Selain itu, modifying factors berupa lamanya menderita penyakit secara signifikan memicu kejenuhan medis yang mendorong penggunaan complementary and alternative medicine. Simpulan: Health belief model efektif menjelaskan pergeseran perilaku pasien ke pengobatan alternatif. Diperlukan integrasi pendekatan budaya dan komunikasi efektif dalam layanan onkologi untuk menjembatani kesenjangan persepsi antara pasien dan tenaga medis. Kata Kunci: Health Belief Model; Kanker Payudara; Pengobatan Komplementer.