KARAKTERISTIK PANTAI DAN PROSES ABRASI DI PESISIR PADANG PARIAMAN, SUMATERA BARAT - Solihuddin, Tb. (Badan Informasi Geospasial, 2011)
Penelitian lingkungan pantai di Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pantai dan proses dominan yang terjadi di pesisir Padang Pariaman. Informasi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan pemerintah setempat dalam pengelolaan dan perencanaan wilayah pesisir. Berdasarkan data BMG stasiun Padang Tabing tahun 1995 â 2005, arah angin dominan berasal dari arah barat dengan persentase 8,.49%. Gelombang paling sering terjadi dari arah barat dengan persentase 8,.47% dan ketinggian antara 0,.1 â 1 m. Berdasarkan prediksi pasang surut menggunakan program tide model driver, tipe pasang surut daerah penelitian campuran condong ke harian ganda dengan tunggang pasut sekitar 109,.57 cm â 10,.9 dm. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan lapangan, karakteristik pantai daerah penelitian termasuk jenis pantai berpasir. Endapan penyusun pantainya adalah endapan aluvial dengan kemiringan lereng pantai antara 4 â 15Â°, dan proses pantai dominan adalah abrasi. Proses abrasi secara intensif terjadi di pesisir Kota Pariaman, terutama di Pantai Apar ditandai dengan terbentuknya gawir abrasi setinggi Â± 1,5m. Upaya penanggulangan abrasi yang telah dilakukan pemerintah adalah dengan membuat groin sepanjang 30 m dan jarak antar groin sekitar 50 m.Kata Kunci: Karakteristik Pantai, Abrasi, Pengelolaan dan Perencanaan PesisirABSTRACTResearch on coastal environment in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera was carried out to investigate coastal characteristics and dominant physical process in Padang Pariaman coast. The information can be used by local government as input for coastal zone management and planning. Based on data collected at Padang Tabing Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) station, during 1995 â 2005, the westerly wind was dominated with percentage of 8.49% and the waves resulted from westerly wind occured with the highest percentage of about 8.47% with 0.1 â 1 m wave height. Condition of the tide as estimated by using âtide model driverâ software showed that the tidal type of the research area was mixed, dominated by semidiurnal, with the tidal range of 109.57 cm â 10.9 dm. Based on field observation, the coastal type of the research area is sandy beach. The research area is formed by alluvial deposits, with beach slope is between 4 - 15Â°, and coastal erosion dominated the physical processes on the coastal area. Intensively coast erosion occurred in Pariaman coast, particularly at Apar coast as marked by the present of Â±1,5 m of beach escarpment. The local government has placed groins with 30 m length and 50 m groins spacing to protect the beach erosion.Keywords: Coastal Characteristics, Coast Erosion, Coastal Management and Planning