Sosialisasi perilaku hidup sehat dalam upaya pencegahan stroke - Giri Udani; Yuliati Amperaningsih; Al Murhan (Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerja sama dengan: Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kep Akademi Keperawatan Baitul Hikmah, 2026)
Background: Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a leading cause of stroke, both ischemic and hemorrhagic. For people with hypertension, blood pressure in the arteries is too high, usually consistently above 140/90 mmHg. The public health prevalence of hypertension in Pringsewu Regency is 26.82%. Limited information on preventing stroke and degenerative diseases (such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease) and the lack of routine health check-ups contribute to the high incidence of these diseases. This is exacerbated by unhealthy lifestyles, lack of physical activity, and poor diet. Interventions in the form of health education are crucial and effective steps to reduce the number of degenerative diseases in the community, especially to address the lack of knowledge about prevention and healthy living practices. Purpose: To increase knowledge and understanding among people with hypertension about the risks and prevention of stroke. Method: The activity was held on Friday, December 5, 2025 at 07.30 at the Village Hall, Pekon Yogyakarta Selatan, Gadingrejo, Pringsewu Regency. Involving 36 elderly Prolanis with hypertension as participants and also attended by cadres, village midwives and village officials. The goal of this activity is to provide education about hypertension and healthy lifestyle management for the elderly in preventing the risk of stroke. Educational activities in the form of interactive promotion were carried out with a community-based approach that involved active participation, two-way dialogue, and empowerment of individuals or groups. The activity was carried out through interactive lectures and discussions assisted by leaflets, prolaris exercise assistance and health checks. Measurements were categorized as blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and uric acid. Meanwhile, BMI was categorized as underweight, normal (ideal), overweight, and obesity. Evaluation was delivered descriptively based on observations as the results of achievements in the implementation of the activity. Results: Obtained data that most of the participants' blood pressure was in the normal category of 63.9%, the majority of participants' fasting sugar levels were in the high category of 80.6%, most of the participants had high uric acid levels of 86.1%, and most of the participants' cholesterol levels were in the normal category of 63.9%. Meanwhile, for the participants' BMI, 4 people were underweight, 16 people were ideal, 10 people were overweight, and 6 people were obese. There was an increase in participants' knowledge regarding the meaning of stroke, stroke prevention, causes of stroke, understanding of healthy lifestyles, and understanding of healthy eating patterns. There was a commitment to changing attitudes and behaviors including implementing a healthy lifestyle independently, conducting regular health screenings, doing regular exercise activities, and consuming low-salt foods. Conclusion: Health education activities for hypertension patients using a direct community approach, accompanied by health checks, are highly effective in increasing public knowledge and understanding of stroke prevention. Increased public knowledge about stroke prevention management contributes positively to independent stroke prevention measures, thereby improving community health. Suggestion: Participants in this activity are expected to adopt a healthy lifestyle, engage in regular physical activity such as exercise (morning walks, Prolanis exercises), drink enough water, sleep at least 6-7 hours per day, reduce salt and fat intake, and eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Cadres are also expected to be more active in mobilizing the elderly community to support Prolanis activities and monitor their health to reduce the risk of stroke. Keywords: Community health; Elderly; Health education; Hypertension; Stroke prevention Pendahuluan: Hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi) adalah salah satu penyebab utama stroke, baik stroke iskemik maupun hemoragik. Bagi penderita Hipertensi merupakan kondisi ketika tekanan darah dalam arteri terlalu tinggi, dan biasanya di atas 140/90 mmHg secara konsisten. Kondisi kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Pringsewu memiliki prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 26.82%. Keterbatasan informasi mengenai pencegahan stroke dan penyakit degeneratif (seperti hipertensi, diabetes, jantung) serta jarangnya pemeriksaan kesehatan rutin menyebabkan tingginya kasus penyakit tersebut. Hal ini diperparah oleh gaya hidup tidak sehat, kurang aktivitas fisik, dan pola makan buruk. Intervensi berupa edukasi kesehatan merupakan langkah krusial dan efektif untuk menekan angka penyakit degeneratif di masyarakat, terutama untuk mengatasi kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pencegahan dan penanganan hidup sehat. Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman pada penderita hipertensi tentang risiko stroke dan pencegahannya. Metode: Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada hari Jumat tanggal 05 Desember 2025 pada jam 07.30 di balai Desa, Pekon Yogyakarta Selatan, Gadingrejo Kabupaten Pringsewu. Melibatkan 36 lansia Prolanis yang mengalami hipertensi menjadi peserta dan dihadiri juga para kader, bidan desa dan aparatur desa. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah memberikan edukasi tentang hipertensi dan manajemen pola hidup sehat pada lansia dalam mencegah risiko stroke. Kegiatan edukasi berupa promotif interaktif dilakukan dengan pendekatan berbasis komunitas yang melibatkan partisipasi aktif, dialog dua arah, dan pemberdayaan individu atau kelompok. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui ceramah interaktif dan diskusi dibantu media leaflet, pendampingan senam prolaris dan pemeriksaan kesehatan. Pengukuran dengan kategori nilai ukur tekanan darah, gula darah puasa, kolesterol total, dan asam urat. Sedangkan untuk IMT dikategorikan underweight, normal (ideal), overweight, dan obesitas. Evaluasi disampaikan secara deskriptif berdasarkan observasi sebagai hasil pencapaian dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Hasil: Mendapatkan data bahwa sebagian besar tekanan darah peserta berada dalam kategori normal sebesar 63.9%, mayoritas kadar gula (puasa) peserta dalam kategori tinggi sebesar 80.6%, sebagian besar peserta memiliki kadar asam urat kategori tinggi sebesar 86.1%, dan sebagian besar kadar kolesterol peserta berada dalam kategori normal sebesar 63.9%. Sedangkan untuk IMT peserta adalah sebanyak 4 orang underweight, sebanyak 16 orang ideal, sebanyak 10 orang overweight, dan sebanyak 6 orang obesitas. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait pengertian stroke, pencegahan stroke, penyebab terjadinya stroke, pengertian pola hidup sehat, dan pengertian pola makan sehat. Adanya komitmen dalam perubahan sikap dan perilaku meliputi menerapkan pola hidup sehat secara mandiri, melakukan skrining kesehatan secara rutin, melakukan aktifitas olah raga yang teratur, dan mengonsumsi makanan rendah garam. Simpulan: Kegiatan edukasi kesehatan pada penderita hipertensi dengan pendekatan komunitas langsung yang disertai pemeriksaan kesehatan, sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pencegahan stroke. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang tatalaksana pencegahan stroke berkontribusi positif pada tindakan pencegahan stroke secara mandiri sehingga akan berdampak meningkatkan derajat kesehatan komunitas. Saran: Diharapkan kepada peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini untuk menerapkan pola hidup sehat, aktifitas fisik yang teratur seperti olahraga (jalan pagi, senam prolanis), cukup minum air putih, tidur minimal 6-7 jam per hari, kurangi konsumsi garam dan lemak, banyak makan buah dan sayur. Diharapkan juga kepada para kader untuk lebih giat menggerakkan para masyarakat lansia dalam mendukung kegiatan prolanis dan melakukan monitoring kesehatan lansia demi mengurangi risiko stroke.