Hubungan Paparan Sinar Matahari, Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal dan Penggunaan Sunscreen terhadap Kejadian Melasma yang Diukur dengan Skor Masi pada Wanita Y Ang Sudah Menikah di Desa Kertasari Kecamatan Labuhan Haji Lombok Timur - Nurma Hestika Maulani; Made Ayu Mirah Wulandari; Lysa Mariam; Wiwin Mulianingsih (Universitas Malahayati Lampung, 2026)
ABSTRACT Melasma is a chronic facial hyperpigmentation disorder commonly affecting women, particularly in coastal areas with high sun exposure. Ultraviolet radiation, hormonal contraceptive use, and sunscreen application are considered important factors influencing melasma occurrence and severity. The severity of melasma can be objectively assessed using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). Objective to determine the association between sun exposure, hormonal contraceptive use, and sunscreen use with melasma occurrence measured using the MASI score. This study was an analytical quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of married women living in Kertasari Village, Labuhan Haji District, East Lombok Regency, totaling 302 individuals. The sample size was 80 respondents selected using a random sampling method. Data on sun exposure, hormonal contraceptive use, and sunscreen use were collected using structured questionnaires. The severity of melasma was assessed through clinical examination using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) score. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analyses to determine the association between the study variables. The majority of respondents were aged 26–35 years (31.3%). Most respondents worked as farmers (33.8%), and the highest proportion of respondents had completed senior high school education (35.0%). A high level of sun exposure was reported in 60.0% of respondents. The most commonly used hormonal contraceptive method was oral contraceptive pills (42.5%). Regarding sunscreen use, 40.0% of respondents reported moderate use. There was a significant association between sun exposure, hormonal contraceptive use, and sunscreen use with the occurrence of melasma in Kertasari Village, Labuhan Haji District, East Lombok Regency. Keywords: Melasma, Sun Exposure, Hormonal Contraceptives, Sunscreen, MASI Score. ABSTRAK Melasma merupakan kelainan hiperpigmentasi kronis pada wajah yang sering dialami wanita, terutama di daerah pesisir dengan paparan sinar matahari tinggi. Faktor paparan sinar ultraviolet, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, serta penggunaan sunscreen diduga berperan terhadap kejadian dan derajat keparahan melasma. Penilaian objektif derajat keparahan melasma dapat dilakukan menggunakan Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI). Tujuan penelitianmengetahui hubungan paparan sinar matahari, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, dan penggunaan sunscreenterhadap kejadian melasma yang diukur menggunakan skor MASI. Penelitian kuantitatif analitik cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah wanita yang sudah menikah di Desa Kertasari, Kecamatan Labuhan Haji, Lombok Timur sebanyak 302 orang. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 80 responden yang dipilih menggunakan metode random sampling. Data paparan sinar matahari, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal, dan penggunaan sunscreen dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Derajat keparahan melasma dinilai melalui pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan skor MASI. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel penelitian. Responden penelitian sebagian besar berusia 26-35 tahun (31,3%), mayoritas responden bekerja sebagai petani (33,8%) dan mayoritas adalah lulusan SMA (35,0%), paparan sinar matahari tinggi (60%), penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal berjenis pil (42,5%), dan penggunaan sunscreen cukup (40,0%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara paparan sinar matahari, penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dan penggunaan sunscreen terhadap kejadian melisma di desa kertasari kecamatan labuan haji kabup[aten Lombok timur. Kata Kunci: Melasma, Paparan Sinar Matahari, Kontrasepsi Hormonal, Sunscreen, Skor MASI.