Analisis Kesesuaian Area Kerja pada Kapal Gillnet Hasil Konversi Kapal Lampara (Trawl): Suitability Analisis of Working Area for Gillnet Vessel Modification from Lampara (Trawl) Vessel - Sukardi, Sudirman; Wahab, Aulia Azhar; Fadhani, Ahmad Najmuddin Pangku (Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia, 2026)
Penggunaan alat tangkap pukat hela (trawl) masih dijumpai di wilayah pesisir Kalimantan Selatan. Meskipun telah dilarang melalui Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 2/PERMEN-KP/2015. Di Kabupaten Tanah Laut, alat tangkap ini dikenal sebagai lampara yang secara operasional memiliki karakteristik serupa dengan trawl. Keberadaan lampara menimbulkan permasalahan dari aspek legalitas, ekologi, dan sosial, sehingga diperlukan upaya konversi ke alat tangkap yang lebih ramah lingkungan, salah satunya gillnet. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesesuaian kebutuhan area kerja (working area) pada kapal gillnet hasil redesain kapal lampara. Metode yang digunakan adalah rekayasa desain melalui pengubahan general arrangement dan tata letak area kerja kapal lampara agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan operasional kapal gillnet. Data yang digunakan terdiri atas 34 kapal, dengan rincian 17 kapal lampara dan 17 kapal gillnet. Redesain dilakukan melalui penggambaran ulang general arrangement untuk menyesuaikan tata letak area kerja berdasarkan acuan desain kapal gillnet. Analisis ketersediaan area kerja dilakukan dengan membandingkan luas area bebas yang tersedia dan kebutuhan area kerja anak buah kapal (ABK). Hasil analisis two-step cluster terhadap rasio ukuran utama menunjukkan bahwa kapal lampara dan kapal gillnet memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi, sehingga secara teknis relevan untuk dialihfungsikan menjadi kapal gillnet. Ketersediaan working area pada kapal gillnet eksisting sebesar 2,10 m², sedangkan pada kapal gillnet hasil redesain mencapai 4,3 m² dengan area bebas sebesar 3,3 m². Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan area kerja pada kapal gillnet hasil redesain masih mencukupi untuk pengoperasian oleh dua orang ABK. Trawl fishing gear is still found in use in the coastal waters of South Kalimantan, although it has been prohibited under the Regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Number 2/PERMEN-KP/2015. In Tanah Laut Regency, this fishing gear is locally known as lampara, which operationally has characteristics similar to trawl. The use of lampara causes legal, ecological, and social problems, therefore conversion to more environmentally friendly fishing gear, such as gillnet, is required. This study aims to analyze the suitability of working area requirements on gillnet vessels resulting from the redesign of lampara vessels. The method used was design engineering by modifying the general arrangement and the working area layout of lampara vessels to conform to the operational requirements of gillnet vessels. The data consisted of 34 vessels, including 17 lampara vessels and 17 gillnet vessels. The redesign was carried out by redrawing the general arrangement to adjust the working area layout based on gillnet vessel design references. The analysis of working area availability was conducted by comparing the available free area with the working area requirements of the crew. The results of the two-step cluster analysis on the ratios of principal dimensions show that lampara vessels and gillnet vessels have a high level of similarity, indicating that they are technically feasible to be converted into gillnet vessels. The available working area on existing gillnet vessels is 2.10 m², while the redesigned gillnet vessel provides a working area of 4.3 m² with a free area of 3.3 m². These results indicate that the working area on the redesigned gillnet vessel is sufficient to support operations by two crew members.