Hypothetical Learning Trajectory sebagai Jembatan dalam Pembelajaran Perbandingan Senilai di Kelas VII SMP Berdasarkan Pendekatan RME - Indriastri Nisita; Ismiyati Ismiyati; Nining Setyaningsih (Universitas PGRI Madiun, 2026)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis peran Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) sebagai jembatan dalam memfasilitasi proses matematisasi siswa pada materi perbandingan senilai melalui pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi Design Research yang terdiri atas tiga fase, yaitu preparing and designing, teaching experiment, dan retrospective analysis. Subjek penelitian adalah 32 siswa kelas VII.C di salah satu SMP negeri di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui tes tertulis berupa soal cerita non-rutin, wawancara semi-terstruktur, observasi pembelajaran, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan membandingkan lintasan belajar yang dihipotesiskan dalam HLT dengan lintasan belajar aktual siswa selama proses pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan HLT berbasis RME mampu memfasilitasi perkembangan pemikiran siswa secara bertahap dari strategi informal menuju representasi formal. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan melalui: (1) pergeseran strategi siswa dari penjumlahan berulang menuju penalaran multiplikatif, (2) kemampuan siswa mengidentifikasi konstanta perbandingan melalui penggunaan tabel sebagai model perantara, dan (3) kemampuan siswa menggeneralisasikan hubungan perbandingan ke dalam bentuk representasi aljabar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa HLT berbasis RME dapat menjadi kerangka pembelajaran yang efektif dalam mendukung proses matematisasi siswa pada materi perbandingan senilai serta memberikan acuan bagi guru dalam merancang pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada pengembangan pemahaman konsep. This study aims to describe and analyze the role of Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) as a bridge in facilitating students' mathematicization process on proportional relationships through the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach. This study uses the Design Research methodology which consists of three phases, namely preparing and designing, teaching experiment, and retrospective analysis. The subjects of the study were 32 students of grade VII.C at one of the public junior high schools in Karanganyar Regency. The research data was collected through written tests in the form of non-routine story questions, semi-structured interviews, learning observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed qualitatively by comparing the Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) with the actual learning trajectory of students during the learning process. The results of the study show that the design of RME-based HLT is able to facilitate the gradual development of students' thinking from informal strategies to formal representations. This is shown through: (1) the shift of students' strategies from repeated addition to multiplicative reasoning, (2) students' ability to identify comparative constants through the use of tables as intermediate models, and (3) students' ability to generalize comparative relationships into algebraic representations. These findings show that RME-based HLT can be an effective learning framework in supporting students' mathematicization process on equivalent comparison materials and provide a reference for teachers in designing learning that is oriented towards developing concept understanding.