Determinan Faktor Self Management Hipertensi Pada Lansia: Studi Cross-Sectional di Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan III - Ni Kadek Sutini (Universitas Malahayati Lampung, 2026)
ABSTRACT Uncontrolled hypertension has been identified as a leading cause of death due to its complications. Identifying effective strategies to assist patients in managing blood pressure remains a significant public health challenge in Indonesia. Although hypertension self-management is recommended to improve blood pressure control, the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension has been reported to be increasing. Multiple factors influence self-management behaviors among individuals with hypertension. This study aimed to identify the determinants of hypertension self-management. This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 120 elderly individuals with hypertension residing in the working area of South Denpasar III Primary Health Center, Bali Province, were recruited using consecutive sampling during the period of July–October 2025. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, with Fisher’s exact test applied as an alternative when appropriate. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression with the backward likelihood ratio (LR) method to identify determinant factors of hypertension self-management. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of ITEKES Bali.The results showed that three variables were significantly associated with hypertension self-management: knowledge (p 0.001; PR = 4.352; 95% CI: 1.985–9.540), educational level (p = 0.048; PR = 8.444; 95% CI: 1.985–9.540), and family support (p = 0.037; PR = 0.400; 95% CI: 0.180–0.888). In contrast, age (p = 0.359), sex (p = 0.769), occupation (p = 0.939), economic status (p = 0.139), and duration of hypertension (p = 0.396) were not significantly associated with hypertension self-management. The main determinant of hypertension self-management among the elderly was knowledge (p 0.001; adjusted PR = 4.322; 95% CI: 1.941–9.626), indicating that elderly individuals with poor knowledge of hypertension were 4.322 times more likely to exhibit poor hypertension self-management. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventins by primary health centers, particularly for elderly individuals with limited knowledge, to enhance effective hypertension self-management. Keywords: Hypertension, Elderly, Self-Management. ABSTRAK Hipertensi tidak terkontrol dinyatakan sebagai penyebab utama kematian akibat komplikasinya. Menemukan strategi yang tepat dalam membantu penderita mengelola tekanan darah masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang signifikan di Indonesia. Meskipun self management hipertensi direkomendasikan untuk membantu mengelola tekanan darah namun prevalensi hipertensi tidak terkontrol dilaporkan mengalami peningkatan. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku self management penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi determinan faktor self management hipertensi. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 120 orang lansia yang menderita hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan III Provinsi Bali yang diambil dengan consecutive sampling selama periode Juli-Oktober 2025. Pengumpulan data dilakukanmenggunakan kuisioner. Uji bivariat Chi-square dengan uji alternatif Fisher exact test digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan masing-masing variabel penelitian dan uji multivariat regresi logistic dengan metode backward LRdigunakan untuk menganalisis determinan faktor self management hipertensi. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Penelitian ini telah mendapatkan kelaikan etik dari Komisi Etik ITEKES Bali. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada tiga variable yang berhubungan dengan self management hipertensi yaitu pengetahuan (p=0,001: PR=4,352: CI95%:1,985-9,540), pendidikan (p=0,048: PR:8.444, CI95%:1,985-9,540) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,037: PR:0,400: CI95%:0,180-0,888) sedangkan usia (p=0,359), jenis kelamin (p=0,769), pekerjaan (p=0,939), status ekonomi (p=0,139), dan lama menderita hipertensi (p=0,396) tidak memiliki hubungan dengan self management hipertensi. Determinan faktor self management hipertensi pada lansia adalah pengetahuan dengan nilai (p=0,001: APR=4,322: CI95%: 1,941-9,626). Hal ini berarti pengetahuan yang buruk tentang hipertensi berisiko 4,322 kali bagi lansia melakukan self management hipertensi yang buruk. Temuan ini menekankan diperlukan upaya peningkatan pengetahuan oleh puskesmas melalui edukasi khususnya bagi lansia dengan pengetahuan yang buruk agar mampu melakukan self management hipertensi yang baik. Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Lansia, Self-Management.