Kontradiksi Regulasi TKDN dalam Perizinan Impor di Indonesia: Analisis Yuridis Normatif terhadap Hukum Perdagangan dan Penanaman Modal - Anandra, Angel; Serfiyani, Cita Yustisia (Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya University, 2026)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontradiksi regulasi dalam penerapan kebijakan Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri (TKDN) sebagai prasyarat perizinan impor di Indonesia. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah pertentangan antara kebijakan proteksi industri nasional dengan komitmen Indonesia terhadap hukum perdagangan internasional dan asas-asas dasar penanaman modal. Secara eksternal, kebijakan TKDN berpotensi melanggar prinsip National Treatment dalam Pasal III General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994 serta larangan performance requirement dalam Agreement on Trade- Related Investment Measures (TRIMs). Sementara secara internal, penerapan TKDN sebagai syarat perizinan impor menimbulkan persoalan terhadap asas kepastian hukum dan transparansi sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan dua pendekatan utama yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi normatif yang signifikan antara kebijakan TKDN sebagai instrumen proteksi industri dengan kewajiban hukum perdagangan internasional serta prinsip penanaman modal yang menjamin kepastian hukum. Diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi agar kebijakan TKDN dapat sejalan dengan prinsip keterbukaan perdagangan dan iklim investasi yang berkeadilan. This study aims to analyze regulatory contradictions in the implementation of the Domestic Component Level (TKDN) policy as a prerequisite for import licensing in Indonesia. The primary focus of this research is the conflict between national industrial protection policies and Indonesia’s commitment to international trade law and basic investment principles. Externally, the TKDN policy has the potential to violate the principle of National Treatment in Article III of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994 and the prohibition on performance requirements in the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs). Internally, the application of TKDN as a requirement for import licensing raises issues regarding the principles of legal certainty and transparency as stipulated in Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment. The research method used is a normative juridical approach, with two main approaches: a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results indicate a significant normative contradiction between the TKDN policy as an instrument of industrial protection, and the obligations of international trade law and the investment principle that guarantees legal certainty. Regulatory harmonization is required to ensure that the TKDN policy aligns with the principles of trade openness and a just investment climate.