PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH, BUDAYA SEKOLAH DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN BILAH HULU - Ummy Hairani; Sakinah Ubudiyah Siregar; Iwan Purnama; Muhammad Ardansyah; Marlina Siregar (Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I), 2026)
ABSTRACT Teacher performance is a key factor in determining the quality of education in elementary schools; however, it is still influenced by various managerial and psychological aspects within the school environment. This study aims to examine the effect of principals’ managerial leadership, school culture, and work motivation on teacher performance in public elementary schools located in Bilah Hulu District, Labuhanbatu Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method involving 50 teachers selected through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, and then analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that principals’ managerial leadership, school culture, and work motivation, both partially and simultaneously, have a positive and significant effect on teacher performance. The strength of the model is indicated by the coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.629, meaning that 62.9% of the variation in teacher performance can be explained by these three variables. These findings emphasize that improving teacher performance requires strengthening principals’ leadership practices, fostering a conducive school culture, and continuously enhancing teachers’ work motivation. ABSTRAK Kinerja guru merupakan faktor kunci dalam menentukan mutu pendidikan di sekolah dasar, namun masih dipengaruhi oleh berbagai aspek manajerial dan psikologis di lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh kepemimpinan manajerial kepala sekolah, budaya sekolah, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Dasar Negeri yang berada di Kecamatan Bilah Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei terhadap 50 guru yang dipilih menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket berskala Likert yang telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan manajerial kepala sekolah, budaya sekolah, dan motivasi kerja, baik secara parsial maupun simultan, memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Kekuatan model ditunjukkan oleh nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,629, yang berarti 62,9% variasi kinerja guru dapat dijelaskan oleh ketiga variabel tersebut. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa peningkatan kinerja guru perlu dilakukan melalui penguatan praktik kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, penciptaan budaya sekolah yang kondusif, serta peningkatan motivasi kerja guru secara berkelanjutan.