POTRET BUDAYA KESELAMATAN KERJA: PRAKTIK APD DAN PREVALENSI GANGGUAN KULIT NELAYAN TRADISIONAL TANJUNG BALAI ASAHAN : OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY CULTURE: PPE USAGE PRACTICES AND SKIN DISORDER PREVALENCE AMONG TRADITIONAL FISHERMEN IN TANJUNG BALAI ASAHAN - Aynil Paydah Harahap; Marlina Elfa Lubis; Rian Fedriko Ginting; Apriliani (Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara, 2026)
Traditional fishermen face a high risk of skin health disorders due to extreme exposure to ultraviolet radiation and sea salinity. This study aims to capture the occupational safety culture through the practice of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) usage and the prevalence of skin disorders among traditional fishermen in Tanjung Balai Asahan. The research method used was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. A total of 110 fishermen were selected as samples using the total sampling technique. The results showed that PPE usage practices were still low and partial, with 54.5% of fishermen only wearing two types of PPE while working. The majority of fishermen prioritized the use of boots (68.2%) and hats (62.7%), but ignored long-sleeved clothing (54.5% did not use) and gloves (52.7% did not use). The prevalence of skin disorders was found to be very significant at 64.5%, with the dominant types being dermatitis (32.7%), followed by scabies (18.2%) and tinea corporis (13.6%). The conclusion of this study indicates a correlation between low comprehensive PPE compliance and high skin morbidity rates. Occupational safety education interventions focusing on changes in risk perception and improvement of personal hygiene are needed to reduce morbidity rates in the fishing community. AbstrakNelayan tradisional menghadapi risiko tinggi gangguan kesehatan kulit akibat pajanan radiasi ultraviolet dan salinitas air laut yang ekstrem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memotret budaya keselamatan kerja melalui praktik penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) dan prevalensi gangguan kulit pada nelayan tradisional di Tanjung Balai Asahan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel penelitian sebanyak 110 nelayan diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik penggunaan APD masih rendah dan bersifat parsial, di mana 54,5% nelayan hanya menggunakan dua jenis APD selama bekerja. Mayoritas nelayan memprioritaskan penggunaan sepatu boot (68,2%) dan topi (62,7%), namun mengabaikan pakaian lengan panjang (54,5% tidak menggunakan) dan sarung tangan (52,7% tidak menggunakan). Prevalensi gangguan kulit ditemukan sangat signifikan sebesar 64,5%, dengan jenis gangguan dominan berupa dermatitis (32,7%), diikuti skabies (18,2%) dan tinea corporis (13,6%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara rendahnya kepatuhan APD yang komprehensif dengan tingginya angka kesakitan kulit. Diperlukan intervensi edukasi keselamatan kerja yang berfokus pada perubahan persepsi risiko dan peningkatan personal hygiene untuk menekan angka morbiditas pada komunitas nelayan.