Analisis Kesenjangan Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembalian Batas Bidang Tanah pada Kantor Pertanahan di Indonesia Bagian Barat dan Tengah - Helmi Muhammad Hanifuddin; Eko Suharto (Diploma IV Pertanahan Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional, 2026)
Abstract: The policy of land boundary re-establishment ensures legal certainty of land rights, yet a gap persists between regulation and implementation. This study examines the factors influencing this gap and its root causes using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design. Quantitative data from 120 respondents at Land Offices in Sumatra, Java, and Kalimantan were analyzed with multiple linear regression based on George C. Edward III's model, while qualitative data were obtained through interviews at two offices with contrasting practices: Sleman Regency and Yogyakarta City. Results show that Communication, Resources, and Bureaucratic Structure significantly affect implementation, with Resources, particularly Survey Drawing availability, being the most dominant factor. The negative effect of Bureaucratic Structure indicates that clear Standard Operating Procedures can legitimize service diversion as a form of policy drift. The model explains 21.8% of the variation, indicating a substantial role for other factors such as legal risk, physical changes, efficiency demands, and low public awareness. The root cause lies in a failure of mutual adaptation between the logic of deployment, representing top-down regulation, and the logic of discovery, emerging from field experience. The logic of discovery dominance in Sleman has shifted services entirely to boundary arrangement, while Yogyakarta's balance maintains boundary re-establishment. This gap is not due to regulatory ambiguity, but rather an imbalance between regulatory demands and resource readiness. Keywords: Policy Implementation, Land Policy, Land Boundary Re-Establishment Abstrak: Kebijakan pengembalian batas bidang tanah menjamin kepastian hukum hak atas tanah, namun kesenjangan antara regulasi dan implementasi masih terjadi. Penelitian ini mengkaji faktor yang memengaruhi kesenjangan dan akar penyebabnya menggunakan metode campuran sequential explanatory. Data kuantitatif berasal dari 120 responden di Kantor Pertanahan Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan dianalisis dengan regresi linear berganda berdasarkan model George C. Edward III. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara di dua kantor dengan praktik bertolak belakang: Kabupaten Sleman dan Kota Yogyakarta. Hasil menunjukkan Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, dan Struktur Birokrasi berpengaruh signifikan, dengan Sumber Daya, khususnya ketersediaan Gambar Ukur, sebagai faktor paling dominan. Pengaruh negatif Struktur Birokrasi menunjukkan kejelasan Standar Operasional Prosedur justru dapat melegitimasi pengalihan layanan sebagai bentuk pergeseran kebijakan. Model menjelaskan 21,8% variasi, menandakan besarnya peran faktor lain seperti risiko hukum, perubahan fisik lapangan, tuntutan efisiensi, dan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat. Akar kesenjangan terletak pada kegagalan adaptasi timbal balik antara logika penerapan yang merepresentasikan arahan regulasi dan logika penemuan yang lahir dari pengalaman lapangan. Dominasi logika penemuan di Sleman mengakibatkan pengalihan sepenuhnya ke penataan batas, sementara keseimbangan di Yogyakarta mempertahankan pengembalian batas. Kesenjangan ini bukan akibat ketidakjelasan regulasi, melainkan ketidakseimbangan antara tuntutan aturan dan kesiapan sumber daya. Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Kebijakan Pertanahan, Pengembalian Batas Bidang Tanah