Perbedaan Ekspresi Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) pada Osteosarkoma Non Metastasis dan Kejadian Metastasis - Ali Mashuri; Sjahjenny Mustokoweni (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Anatomik Indonesia (PDSPA), 2015)
ABSTRAK Latar belakang Osteosarkoma merupakan tumor ganas primer pada tulang yang mempunyai prognosis yang buruk karena bermetastasis. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan parameter yang bisa dipakai sebagai faktor prognostik sehingga pendekatan terapi pun bisa lebih tepat. MMP-9 merupakan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam proses metastasis suatu kanker dengan cara mendegradasi basal membran dan matrik ekstra seluler. Metode Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah penderita dengan diagnosis histopatologi osteosarkoma di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomik RSUD Dr. Soetomo selama tahun 2007-2011. Data metastasis diperoleh dari rekam medik. Pemeriksaan imunohistokimia menggunakan poliklonal antibodi MMP-9. Derajat ekspresi MMP-9 dinilai berdasarkan persentase sel tumor dan intensitasnya yang menunjukkan imunoreaktifitas secara semikuantitatif. Perbedaan dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil Dari 24 sampel yang dianalisis, didapatkan 9 sampel dengan kejadian metastasis. Sebanyak 4 dari 9 kasus metastasis menunjukkan ekspresi MMP-9 dengan skor +3, 2/9 kasus dengan skor +2, 1/9 kasus dengan skor +1, 2/9 kasus menunjukkan skor 0 (negatif). Pada kasus non metastasis, 9/15 kasus menunjukkan ekspresi MMP-9 dengan skor 0 (negatif), 3/15 menunjukkan skor +1, 2/15 kasus menunjukkan skor +2, 1/15 kasus menunjukkan skor +3. Terdapat perbedaan ekspresi MMP-9 antara osteosarkoma non metastasis dan metastasis (p=0,023) Kesimpulan Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara ekspresi MMP-9 pada osteosarkoma non metastasis dan metastasis. Kata kunci : ekspresi MMP-9, metastasis, osteosarkoma. ABSTRACT Background Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor of the bone that has poor prognosis because of the incidence of metastasis. Therefore, it takes a parameter that can be used as a prognostic factor that therapeutic approaches can be more accurate. MMP-9 is one of the important factors in the process of cancer metastasis by degrading on the basement membrane and extra cellular matrix. Methods Observational study with cross sectional analytic. The samples were osteosarcoma patients that were diagnosed histopathologically in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Pathology Laboratory during 2007-2011. Data of metastasis was obtained from medical records. Immunohistochemical examination using a polyclonal antibody MMP-9. Expression of MMP-9 assessed by the percentage of tumor cells and intensity that shows imunoreaktivitas semiquantitatively. The differences were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test. Results Twenty four samples were analyzed , 9 samples with the incidence of metastasis. A total of 4 out of 9 cases of metastasis showed expression of MMP-9 with a score +3, 2/9 cases showed expression of MMP-9 with a score +2, 1/9 cases with a score +1, 2/9 cases showed score 0 (negative), whereas in the case of non-metastatic, 9/15 cases showed expression of MMP-9 with a score 0 (negative), 3/15 showed scores +1, 2/15 cases showed scores +2, 1/15 cases showed score +3. There are differences in the expression of MMP-9 between the incidence of metastasis to the incidence of non-metastasis (p=0.023 ). Conclusion There are significant differences between the expression of MMP-9 in the incidence of osteosarcoma with metastasis and non-metastatic events. Key words: expression of MMP-9, in metastasis, osteosarcoma.