ANALISIS YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA EKSPLOITASI EKONOMI ANAK DALAM FENOMENA MANUSIA SILVER DI WILAYAH KOTA MAKASSAR - Alia Kalsum; Siti Zubaidah; Hajriana Hajriana (Faculty Of Law Bosowa University, 2026)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan unsur-unsur tindak pidana eksploitasi ekonomi terhadap anak dalam fenomena manusia silver di Kota Makassar dan menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap anak sebagai korban. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum normatif-empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan pihak Unit Pelaksana Teknis Rumah Perlindungan Trauma Center, Dinas Sosial, Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja, dan akademisi hukum di Kota Makassar. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan jurnal ilmiah yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis kualitatif dengan pola reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan secara sistematis terhadap temuan lapangan dan bahan hukum yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan anak dalam praktik manusia silver memenuhi unsur tindak pidana eksploitasi ekonomi anak berdasarkan ketentuan hukum yang mengatur tentang perdagangan orang dan perlindungan anak. Namun demikian, implementasi kebijakan daerah mengenai pembinaan anak jalanan, gelandangan, pengemis, dan pengamen di Kota Makassar belum berjalan secara optimal. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan masih cenderung bersifat represif administratif melalui penertiban dan pembinaan sementara, tanpa disertai proses penegakan hukum pidana terhadap pihak yang diduga melakukan eksploitasi. Kondisi tersebut mengakibatkan pemenuhan hak-hak anak sebagai korban belum terlaksana secara komprehensif, berkelanjutan, dan berkeadilan. This study aims to analyze the application of the elements of the criminal offense of economic exploitation of children in the phenomenon of manusia silver in Makassar City and to examine the forms of legal protection provided to children as victims. This research employs a normative-empirical legal research method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through observation and interviews with the Unit Pelaksana Teknis Rumah Perlindungan Trauma Center, the Social Affairs Office, the Civil Service Police Unit, and legal academics in Makassar City. Secondary data were collected through library research on statutory regulations, relevant literature, and scientific journals. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and systematic conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the involvement of children in the practice of manusia silver fulfills the elements of the criminal offense of economic exploitation of children under legal provisions governing human trafficking and child protection, particularly in relation to the act of utilizing children for economic gain. However, the implementation of local policies concerning the guidance of street children, homeless individuals, beggars, and buskers in Makassar City has not been optimal. The legal protection provided remains predominantly administrative and repressive in nature, limited to temporary control measures and guidance, without being followed by criminal law enforcement against parties suspected of exploitation. This condition results in the incomplete, unsustainable, and unjust fulfillment of the rights of children as victims.