Aplikasi Model SEM untuk Analisis Faktor Tekanan Uap Air di Jawa Timur - Eka Adilah Putri; Swasono Rahardjo (UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Unisba, 2026)
Abstract. Water vapor pressure is the partial pressure of water gas in the atmosphere, consisting of saturated vapor pressure and actual vapor pressure. Water vapor pressure plays an important role in the Earth's energy balance and the hydrological cycle. This study was conducted in 38 districts/cities in East Java Province to examine the climate factors that influence water vapor pressure. Based on previous research, it appears that water vapor is influenced by geographical and environmental conditions spread across various locations, so a statistical approach that can accommodate location elements is needed, namely spatial regression. There are several types of spatial models, namely the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM), Spatial Durbin (SDM), and Spatial Moving Autoregressive (SARMA). In this study, the Spatial Error Model (SEM) was used because the error components between regions are interconnected with errors in the surrounding areas, which indicates the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the errors. The variables studied include temperature, rainfall, wind speed, and solar radiation sourced from secondary data from satellite imagery through the Google Earth Engine catalog. The processing process was carried out with the help of QGIS, GeoDa, and Minitab 21 applications. The results of the study showed that temperature, rainfall, wind speed, and solar radiation factors spatially have an influence on water vapor pressure. Abstrak. Tekanan uap air merupakan tekanan parsial gas air di atmosfer yang terdiri dari tekanan uap jenuh dan tekanan uap aktual. Tekanan uap air berperan penting dalam keseimbangan energi bumi dan siklus hidrologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 38 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor iklim yang memengaruhi tekanan uap air. Berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu, terlihat bahwa uap air dipengaruhi kondisi geografis dan lingkungan yang tersebar di berbagai lokasi, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan statistik yang dapat mengakomodasi unsur lokasi, yaitu regresi spasial. Terdapat beberapa jenis model spasial, yaitu Model Autoregresif Spasial (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM), Durbin Spasial (SDM), dan Autoregresif Bergerak Spasial (SARMA). Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan Spatial Error Model (SEM) karena komponen galat antarwilayah saling berhubungan dengan galat di wilayah sekitarnya, yang menunjukkan adanya autokorelasi spasial pada error. Variabel yang dikaji meliputi suhu, curah hujan, kecepatan angin, dan radiasi matahari yang bersumber dari data sekunder citra satelit melalui katalog Google Earth Engine. Proses pengolahan dilakukan dengan bantuan aplikasi QGIS, GeoDa, dan Minitab 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor suhu, curah hujan, kecepatan angin, dan radiasi matahari secara spasial memiliki pengaruh terhadap tekanan uap air.