IMPLEMENTASI METODE PROBLEM SOLVING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH - Sintia Irayati; Uswatun Khasanah; Agus Susanti (Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I), 2026)
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Problem Solving method in Fiqh learning and its contribution to improving students’ critical thinking skills. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a field research design. The study was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Darul Ulum Sukoharjo, Pringsewu, involving Fiqh teachers and eleventh-grade students as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used an interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of the Problem Solving method was carried out through systematic lesson planning, the presentation of contextual Fiqh-related problems, and evaluation processes that emphasized problem-solving activities. This method contributed positively to the improvement of students’ critical thinking skills, as reflected in the aspects of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation in determining Fiqh rulings. The study concludes that the Problem Solving method is effective in Fiqh learning to encourage student participation and to develop critical thinking skills gradually. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi metode Problem Solving dalam pembelajaran Fiqih serta kontribusinya terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain penelitian lapangan (field research). Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Madrasah Aliyah Darul Ulum Sukoharjo, Pringsewu, dengan subjek penelitian guru mata pelajaran Fiqih dan peserta didik kelas XI. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi metode Problem Solving dilaksanakan melalui perencanaan pembelajaran yang sistematis, penyajian permasalahan Fiqih yang kontekstual, serta evaluasi yang menekankan proses pemecahan masalah. Implementasi metode ini berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang terlihat pada aspek interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, inferensi, dan eksplanasi dalam menentukan hukum Fiqih. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa metode Problem Solving efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran Fiqih untuk mendorong keaktifan peserta didik dan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis secara bertahap.