Kesadaran Pekerja Sektor Informal terhadap Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta - Budi Eko Siswoyo; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Yulita Hendrartini (Center for Health Policy and Management, 2015)
Background: The subsidized members (PBI) dominate the membership of the National Health Insurance Scheme (JKN) in Indonesia, including in Yogyakarta. The low number of nonwage earners (PBPU) and the decrease in the number of new non-PBI members, doesn’t indicate optimal socialization, but also the lack of a awareness of informal sector workers towards JKN. Public awareness determines the ability and community involvement in support JKN. Objective: To analyze the informal sector workers’ awareness of the JKN programs in Yogyakarta. Method: This study was observational analytic with the cross-sectional design. The subjects are informal workers in Yogyakarta who have not joined JKN, set with quota sampling (200 respondents) and they were selected purposively. The data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approaches as univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. Result: Linear regression test showed that the affect of independent variables towards consciousness, namely: the main types of jobs [B = 2,5452 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; education [B= 1,6609 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; knowledge [B = 1,3944 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; age [B = 1,0736 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; employment status [B = 1,0451 dan (p) = 0,01 < ±]; and income [B = 0,0001 dan (p) = 0,02 < ±]. Conclusion: Generally, the level of awareness of the informal sector workers towards JKN is considered in the high category. However, most informal sector workers tend to delay membership. Latar belakang: Peserta penerima bantuan iuran (PBI) mendominasi kepesertaan Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) di Indonesia, termasuk di Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta. Rendahnya jumlah peserta bukan penerima upah (PBPU) dan turunnya jumlah peserta baru yang non PBI, bukan hanya menjadi indikasi belum optimalnya sosialisasi, tetapi juga belum terbentuknya kesadaran pekerja sektor informal terhadap program JKN. Kesadaran menentukan kesanggupan dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam mendukung penyelenggaraan program JKN. Tujuan: Menganalisis kesadaran pekerja sektor informal terhadap program JKN di Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjeknya adalah pekerja informal di Provinsi D.I. Yogyakarta yang belum menjadi peserta JKN yang ditetapkan dengan quota sampling (200 responden) dan dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan dengan instrumen berupa kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, baik secara univariabel, bivariabel, dan multivariabel. Hasil: Uji regresi linear menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh variabel bebas terhadap kesadaran, yaitu : jenis pekerjaan utama [B = 2,5452 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; pendidikan [B = 1,6609 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; pengetahuan [B = 1,3944 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; umur [B = 1,0736 dan (p) = 0,00 < ±]; status pekerjaan [B = 1,0451 dan (p) = 0,01 < ±]; dan pendapatan [B = 0,0001 dan (p) = 0,02 < ±]. Kesimpulan: Pada umumnya tingkat kesadaran pekerja sektor informal terhadap JKN termasuk kategori tinggi. Sebagian besar pekerja sektor informal cenderung menunda kepesertaan.