Pengaruh Aktivitas Antropogenik Terhadap Kualitas Air, Sedimen dan Moluska di Danau Maninjau, Sumatera Barat. - Muhamad Suhaemi Syawal, Yusli Wardiatno dan Sigid Hariyadi (Universitas Mataram, 2016)
ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pencemaran dari lingkungan antropogenik terhadap kondisi kualitas air, sedimen dan moluska di perairan Danau Maninjau. Danau Maninjau adalah salah satu danau yang terletak di Kabupaten Agam Sumatera Barat. Tipe danau ini adalah danau tekno vulkanik yang terbentuk oleh aktivitas vulkanik. Isu pencemaran air danau merupakan isu utama dalam pemanfaatan dan pengembangan kawasan danau, di daerah manapun. Kegiatan penduduk di sekitar danau yang cenderung bersifat produktifÃÂ pada umumnya otomatis menghasilkan limbah buangan hasil proses produksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 (tiga) kali dari bulan Maret-September 2015 di 7 (tujuh) titik lokasi muara sungai di sekitar D. Maninjau yang berpotensi masuknya bahan pencemar. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan konsentrasi rata-rata TP pada air berkisar 0,0245-0,2117 mg L-1; TN 0,5085-1,2292 mg L-1; O-PO4 0,0206-0,2241 mg L-1 dan NO3 0,0841-1,0618 mg L-1. Kandungan logam rata-rata pada sedimen Fe 1,1733-3,5733 mg kg-1; Pb 0,0037-11,230 mg kg-1; Cd 0,0050-0,0193 mg kg-1; Hg 0,00056-0,05914 mg kg-1; dan Cr tidak terdeteksi atau dibawah 0,004 mg kg-1. Sementara untuk rata-rata logam berat pada moluska Fe 0,04-0,948 mg kg-1; Pb 0,002-4,17 mg kg-1; Cd 0,013-1,032 mg kg-1; Cr 0,040-0,098 mg kg-1; dan Hg 0,0004-0,1062 mg kg-1. Dari hasil analisis data yang diperoleh menunjukkan ada dugaan telah terjadi pencemaran logam berat pada sedimen danÃÂ moluska di muara-muara sungai yang masuk langsung ke badan perairan Danau Maninjau.ÃÂ Kata kunci :antropogenik, danau maninjau,kualitas air, moluska, sedimen,ÃÂ ABSTRACTHas conducted research with the aim to study the effect of anthropogenic pollution of the environment on the condition of water quality, sediment and molluscs in the waters of Lake Maninjau. Maninjau is one lake located in Agam regency of West Sumatra.Type this lake is techno volcaniclake formed by volcanic activity.The issue of pollution of the lake water is a major issue in the utilization and development of the area of the lake, in any area. Activity of the population around the lake tends to be productive in general automatically generates waste from the production process results. This study was conducted over three (3) times from March-September 2015 in seven (7) locations of river estuaries around D. Maninjau potential influx of contaminants.The results showed the average concentration of TP in water ranging from 0.0245 to 0.2117 mg L-1; TN 0.5085 to 1.2292 mg L-1; O-PO4 from 0.0206 to 0.2241 mg L-1 and NO3 0.0841 to 1.0618 mg L-1. The average metal content in the sediment Fe 1.1733 to 3.5733 mg kg-1; Pb 0.0037 to 11.230 mg kg-1; Cd 0.0050 to 0.0193 mg kg-1; 0.00056 to 0.05914 mg Hg kg-1; and Cr undetectable or below 0.004 mg kg-1. As for the average heavy metals in mollusks Fe 0.04 to 0.948 mg kg-1; Pb 0.002 to 4.17 mg kg-1; Cd 0.013 to 1.032 mg kg-1; Cr 0.040 to 0.098 mg kg-1; and Hg from 0.0004 to 0.1062 mg kg-1. From the analysis of the data obtained showed no allegation has been going on heavy metal pollution in the sediment and molluscs in a river estuary that goes directly into the water body of Lake Maninjau. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of anthropogenic pollution of the environment on the condition of water quality, sediment and molluscs in the waters of Lake ManinjauKeywords: anthropogenic, Lake Maninjau, molluscs, sediment, water quality