DAYA HASIL GALUR-GALUR PADI SAWAH GENERASI LANJUT PADA KONDISI TERCEKAM KEKERINGAN - Pramudyawardani, Estria F.; Wening, Rina H.; Susanto, Untung (Jenderal Soedirman University, 2017)
Kekeringan pada lahan sawah merupakan masalah yang kerap kali menjadi ancaman pada budidaya padi.Penggunaan varietas yang tepat dapat mengurangi resiko kehilangan hasil yang terlalu besar. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan hasil 220 galur padi sawah generasi lanjut di lahan kering dibandingkandengan lahan optimal. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau di kebun percobaan BB Padi Sukamandi,menggunakan rancangan augmented 5 blok dengan 4 varietas pembanding (INPARI 10, INPARI 13, SituBagendit, dan Limboto). Perlakuan lahan optimal sesuai dengan cara budidaya yang disarankan, sedangkan lahankering hanya diairi hingga 4 minggu setelah tanam. Luas plot yang digunakan 1 m x 5 m per galur. Pengamatandilakukan terhadap umur berbunga 10% dan 50% (hss), tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah anakan dan malai per rumpun,bobot seribu butir (gram), dan hasil per plot (kg) dikonversikan menjadi t/ha GKG. Pengamatan terhadap kondisiair tanah, kelengasan tanah, serta skoring gejala kekeringan ditambahkan untuk lahan kering. Sebanyak 23 galurmemperoleh hasil lebih baik dari Situ Bagendit (2,32 t/ha GKG) di lahan optimal dan 17 galur lebih baik dariLimboto (1,05 t/ha GKG) di lahan kering. Galur BP15704b-14 dan A 62-1 (BP10764f-10-2) teridentifikasi tumbuhbaik di kedua lahan. Tujuh galur dengan produktivitas setara Limboto mempunyai mekanisme ketahanan terhadapkekeringan. Kondisi kekeringan menurunkan tinggi tanaman, bobot seribu butir, dan hasil.Kata kunci: daya hasil, galur padi, lahan kering, kekeringanABSTRACTDrought often pose a threat to rice cultivation because water is an essential requirement in rice growth.Drought tolerant varieties are expected to mitigate the risks of drought stress. This study aims to determine theperformance of 220 advance lines in the dry land as compared with the optimum land. Experiment conducted atSukamandi esperimental station during dry season. Experiment was arranged in augmented 5 blocks with 4 checkvarieties (INPARI 10, INPARI 13, Bagendit, and Limboto). The optimum land treatment irrigated based on therecommended cultivation, while the dry land treatment irrigated until 4 weeks after planting only. The plot areawas 1 m x 5 m per lines. Observations was done for: days to 10% and 50% flowering (DAS), plant height (cm),number of tillers and panicles per hill, thousand grain weight (g), and yield per plot (kg) converted to t/ha. Additionobservations on dry land treatment was done for groundwater, soil moisture, and scoring drought symptom. Theresult showed 23 lines had higher yield than Situ Bagendit (2.32 t/ha) in optimum land, while 17 lines had higheryield than Limboto (1.05 t/ha) in dry land. BP15704b-14 and A 62-1 (BP10764f-10-2) was identified had stableyield on both treatment. Seven lines which similar with Limboto productivity was estimated to have resistancemechanisms for drought stress. Drought stress decline plant height, grain weight, and yield.Key words: potential yield, dry land, drought