KEBERADAAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PENTING TANAMAN KENTANG PADA BEBERAPA SISTEM BUDIDAYA - Herminanto Herminanto; A. Munadjat; T. Widjojoko (Jenderal Soedirman University, 2014)
Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui hama dan penyakit penting serta hasil tanaman kentang yang diusahakan dengan sistem budidaya berbeda. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Serang Kecamatan Karangreja Kabupaten Purbalingga mulai bulan Mei – September 2013. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat perlakuan dan masing-masing diulang enam kali. Perlakuan terdiri atas K0 = kontrol, K1 = kentang semi organik (NPK anorganik, pupuk kandang kotoran ayam, pestisida organik), K2 = kentang organik (pupuk kandang kotoran ayam, POC, trichokompos, pestisida organik), K3 = kentang konvensional (NPK anorganik, pestisida sintetik). Variabel yang diamati meliputi: jenis dan populasi hama penting, intensitas serangan hama, jenis dan populasi musuh alami hama, jenis patogen penting, intensitas penyakit, dan bobot umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tiga sistem budidaya kentang ditemukan hama penting pada umbi kentang yaitu uret (Holotrichia spp.) dan orong-orong (Gryllotalpa spp.) dengan intensitas serangan ringan. Dijumpai patogen jamur Phytophthora infestans yang menyebabkan penyakit hawar daun kentang dan bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum sebagai penyebab penyakit layu bakteri dengan intensitas penyakit yang ringan. Hasil panen kentang organik mencapai 17,94 ton/ha, kentang petani (konvensional) 17,40 ton/ha, dan kentang semi organik sebesar 17,69 ton/ha. Kata kunci: kentang, sistem budidaya, hama-penyakit penting ABSTRACTA research has been conducted to know important pests and diseases and yield of potatoes palnteed on different cultivation systems. It was done at Serang Village Karangreja Sub district Purbalingga Regency, starting from May to September 2013. The research used randomized complete block design (RCBD) set in four treatments of cultivation systems and six replicates. The treatments consisted of K0 = control, K1 = semi organik (inorganik NPK, chicken manure, liquid organik fertilizer or LOF, trichocompost, organik pesticide), K2 = organik (chicken manure, LOF, trichocompost, organik pesticide), and K3 = conventional (inorganik NPK, synthetic pesticides). Variables observed were sort and populations of crucial pests found, pest attack intensity, natural enemies, sorts of important pathogens, disease intensity, and tuber weight. Results of the research performed that the pests found on the three cultivation systems were grubs (Holotrichia spp.) and mole crickets (Gryllotalpa spp.) invading tubers at light attack intensities. The fungus Phytophthora infestans causing leaf blight disease and the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum causing tuber damage were also discovered in light disease intensity. Yields of organic, conventional and semi organic potatoes respectively reached 17.94, 17.40, and 17.69 tones/hectare. Key words: potatoes, cultivation systems, important pests and diseases