TIPOLOGI PINTU RUMAH TRADISIONAL DUSUN PUCUNG, SITUS MANUSIA PURBA SANGIRAN - Faisal, Gun; Roychansyah, Muhammad Sani (Department of Architecture, Universitas Tanjungpura, 2014)
Pintu merupakan elemen penting dalam suatu bangunan, terutama rumah tinggal. Pintu adalah jalur sirkulasi antara ruang dalam dan luar bangunan. Rumah di Dusun Pucung memiliki pintu yang terbilang unik, baik dari segi jumlah, bentuk dan ornamennya, yang mana penggunaannya memiliki maksud dan tujuan tersendiri bagi setiap pemiliknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengklasifikasikan pintu rumah tradisional yang berada di Dusun Pucung. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan secara kuantititatif dan kualitatif, pengambilan data melalui survey lapangan, diiringi dengan studi literatur, studi kawasan, teoritikal, studi empiris terhadapt laporan penelitian terdahulu. Analisa data diawali dengan perumusan karakter umum pintu bangunan kawasan, penentuan pintu bangunan yang sesuai kriteria penelitian, penggambaran ulang (redrawing), pengelompokan dan kategorisasi tipikal elemen pintu bangunan. Penelitian ini pada akhirnya dapat mentipekan desain elemen pintu rumah tradisional yang berada di kawasan konservasi Situs Manusia Purba Sangiran, yang termasuk kedalam kawasan World Heritage. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan 6 (enam) tipe pintu rumah tradisional Dusun Pucung. Tipe pintu tersebut berdasarkan 2 kategori, yaitu berdasarkan jumlah; pintu satu, tiga, serta lima, dan berdasarkan materialnya, ada pintu yang terbuat dari bambu (gedhek), kayu, dan kayu-kaca. Door is an important element in a building, especially a residential house. It is a circulation path between the interior and exterior of building. In Pucung Village, it has relatively unique function and meaning with a variety of ornaments, shapes, and amounts. The purpose of this study is to classify the types of doors and their elements, in this case the doors of traditional house in Pucung Village. Data were collected through field surveys, which were supported by the literature, theoretical studies and the results of empirical study. Analysis and formulation of the general characters of doors were done, and the doors were determined in accordance with appropriate criteria of study and re-drawn, so the grouping and categorization of typical elements of the doors could be done. As a result, the design of traditional doors in the conservation area of Sangiran Early Man site, which is included in the World Heritage area, can eventually be typified. Based on the results of the study, six types of traditional doors in Pucung Village were obtained. The types of doors were based on two categories. Based on number, there were doors with one, three, and five in number, while based on material, there were doors made from bamboo (gedhek), wood, and wood and glassREFERENCESBalai Pelestarian Situs Manusia Purba Sangiran. (2012). Brosur ‘Museum Purbakala: Situs Sangiran (Perjalanan Menakjubkan Kembali ke Zaman Purba), Kantor Pariwisata, Investasi, dan Promosi Pemkab Sragen. Sragen, Jawa TengahColquhoun, A.. (1967) Typology and Design Method, dalam Theorizing a New Agenda for Architecture. An Anthology of Architectural Theory 1965- 1995, Kate Nesbitt (ed.). Princeton Architectural Press. New YorkDurand, Jean Nicolas Louis. (2000). Pr`ecis of the Lectures on Architecture. The Getty Research Institute. Los AngelesFrancescatto, Guido. (1994) Type and the Possibility of an Architecture Scolarship, Ordering Space, Types in Architectural and Design, Karen A. Franck, Lynda H. Schneekloth (ed). Van Nostrand Reinhold. New YorkHidayat, Rusmulia Tjiptadi, dkk. (2004) Museum Situs Sangiran: Sejarah Evolusi Manusia Purba Beserta Situs dan Lingkungannya. Koperasi Museum Sangiran. Sangiran.Johnson. P A. (1994). The Theory of Architecture, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New YorkKartikasari, Indah. (2012). Topografi Dusun Pucung, Situs manusia Purba Sangiran. Laporan Penelitian KKA-S2 UGM 2012. YogyakartaMochsen, Sir Mohammad. (2005). Tipologi Geometri: Telaah Beberapa KaryaFrank L. Wright dan Frank O. Gehry, Rona Jurnal Arsitektur Volume 2, No. 1 April 2005 hal 69-83. FT Unhas. MakasarMoneo, Rafael. (1979) Oppositions Summer On Typology. A Journal for Ideas and Criticism in Architecture vol. 13 h. 23-45. The MIT Press. MassachusettsPfeifer, G.; P. Brauneck. (2008). Courtyard Houses–A Housing Typology. Birkhauser Verlag AG. GermanySukada, B. (1997). Memahami Arsitektur Tradisional dengan Pendekatan Tipologi. PT. Alumni. Bandung