ZUJI KEMEMPANAN BEBERAPA JENIS HERBISIDA TERHADAP GULMA PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN AKTIVITAS BAKTERI RHIZOBIUM DI DALAM TANAH - I Ketut Ngawit V.F. Aris Budianto (Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB, 2011)
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui kemempenan herbisida Alakhlor, 2,4-D Amine, Oxsadiozon dan Gliphosat mematikan gulma pada tanaman kacang tanah dan dampak residunya terhadap pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri rhizobium di dalam tanah. Keseluruhan kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan sejak bulan Desember 2009 s/d Mei 2010, menggunakan metode ekperimen. Percobaan dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan empat perlakuan herbisida dan satu perlakuan gulmanya tidak dikendalikan sebagai pembanding dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang dalam tiga kelompok (blok). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis herbisida yang diuji sangat mempan terhadap gulma berdaun lebar, terhadap jenis gulma rumput-rumputan dan teki herbisida Alakhlor dan Gliphosat tergolong mempan. Herbisida 2,4-D Amine dan Oxadiozon cukup mempan terhadap gulma rumput-rumputan akan tetapi kurang mempan terhadap gulma teki. Herbisida Alakhlor dan 2,4-D Amine residunya berdampak positif, karena pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah, pertumbuhan dan aktivitas bakteri rhizibium lebih baik, dengan intensitas keracunan tanaman lebih rendah, sehingga hasil kacang tanah yang diperoeh lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Herbisida Gliphosat ternyata residunya berdampak negatif, yaitu menyebabkan intensitas keracunan tanaman lebih tinggi dan pertumbuhan serta aktivitas bakteri Rhizobium lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Herbisida Oxadiozon tidak menimbulkan dampak terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah dan aktivitas serta pertumbuhan bakteri Rhizobium di dalam tanah. ABSTRACT This research was aimed to examine effectivenes of some herbicide i.e. Alakhlor, 2,4-D Amine, Oxsadiozon and Gliphosat to killed the weeds on groundnut crops and residue inpacted to the growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria in the soils. The entire experiment carried out from December 2009 to may 2010, was used experiment method. The experiment was designed according to the Randomized Completely Block Design was consisted of four herbicide treatments and one treatment without herbicide or treatment did not using controlling of weeds as control and each treatments was three replicated. The results showed that the four kinds of herbicide was tested, appear the most effective to the leaves weeds and than Alakhlor and Gliphosat herbicide was significantly higher effective than that 2,4-D Amine to the kinds of graminiae weeds and cyperaceae weeds, both Oxadiozon is not effective. Residue of Alakhlor and 2,4-D Amine herbicide make float to the surface positive inpact, that to cause the growth of groundnut, growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria heiger than some treatments both the intensity of toxicity on groundnut lover than treatment without herbicide, so that by treatment of this is obtained the produce of groundnut heiger than some of treatments. Residue of Gliphosat to appear make float to the negative inpact, that to cause the intensity of toxicity on groundnut growth and activity of Rhyzobium bacteria lover than some of treatments. Oxadiozon herbicide did not make float inpact to the growth of groundnut, activity and growth of Rhyzobium bacteria in the soils.