KORELASI FENOTIPIK, GENOTIPIK DAN SIDIK LINTAS SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA SELEKSI PADI BERAS MERAH - IGP Muliarta Aryana (Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB, 2009)
ABSTRAK Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi fenotipik dan genotipik serta pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung dari komponen hasil ke hasil tanaman padi beras merah. Percobaan dilakukan pada MH Desember 2006- Maret 2007 di lahan tegalan Desa Prian Kecamatan Montong Betok Kabupaten Lombok Timur, dengan jenis tanah inseptisol.. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 23 perlakuan (20 genotipe padi beras merah hasil seleksi silang balik dan 3 tetua yaitu Piong, Angka dan Kenya) yang diulang 3 kali. Penanaman setiap genotipe pada luasan 5,5 m x 1,25 dengan jarak tanam 25 x 25 cm. Penanaman dilakukan dengan cara tugal, tiap lubang tugal ditanam 2 benih dan ditinggalkan 1 tanaman per rumpun. Pengairan berdasarkan air hujan. Pemupukan dilakukan dengan Urea 300 kg/ha; SP36 150 kg/ha dan KCl 150 kg/ha. Analisis korelasi genotipik, penotifik dan sidik lintas berdasarkan Singh dan Chaudhary (1979). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter total jumlah anakkan per rumpun, jumlah gabah berisi per malai, total jumlah gabah per malai, bobot 100 butir gabah dan kandungan antosianin beras dapat dipergunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi hasil gabah padi beras merah secara tidak langsung, karakter tersebut memiliki pengaruh langsung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan koefisien korelasinya. ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to know phenotypic, genotypic correlations with indirect and direct effect on yield and yield components of red rice . Experiment was conducted on a dryland area at Prian village of Montong Betok distric, East Lombok, on an Inseptisol soil, during the rainy season from December 2006 to March 2007. The 23 treatments (20 genotypes obtained from back cross selection) and 3 parents (Piong, Angka and Kenya) ware designed with Randomized Complete Block and replicated three times. Each genotype was grown on 5,5 m x 1,25 m plot with plant spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm and only 1 plant per clump. Irrigation in upland was based on availability of rain water. The fertilization applied were Urea 300 kg/ha, SP36 150 kg/ha and KCl 150 kg/ha. Genotypic, phenotypic correlation analysis and path analysis were based on Singh and Chaudhary (1979). Results indicated that the character of tiller numbers per clump, filled grain numbers per panicle, total grain number per panicle, weight of 100 grain and anthocyanin content be used as an indirect selection criteria for grain yield of red rice.Those characters had a higher direct effect compared to their correlation coefficient