Ø§Ø³ØªØ®Ø¯Ø§Ù… Ø·Ø±ÙŠÙ‚Ø© Ø¬ÙŠÙƒØ³Ùˆ ÙÙŠ ØªØ¹Ù„ÙŠÙ… Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© - Hasyim, Mochamad (Universitas Yudharta Pasuruan, 2014)
Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ù…Ù† Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø§Øª Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºÙˆÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø±Ø¨Ø¹ØŒ ÙˆÙŠÙ‡Ø¯Ù ØªØ¯Ø±ÙŠØ³ Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ù‡ÙŠ ÙŠØ³ØªØ·Ø¹ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ù„Ø§Ø¨ Ø£Ù† ÙŠÙ‚Ø±Ø¤Ø§ Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù†ØµÙˆØµ ÙˆØ§Ù„ÙƒØªØ¨ Ø§Ù„Ù…ÙƒØªÙˆØ¨Ø© Ø¨Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠØ© Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© ØµØÙŠØØ© ÙˆÙŠÙÙ‡Ù…ÙˆØ§ Ù…Ø§ Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¤Ø§ Ø³ÙˆØ§Ø¡ ÙƒØ§Ù†Øª ÙƒÙ„Ù…Ø© Ø£ÙˆØ¬Ù…Ù„Ø© Ø£ÙˆÙ†ØµØ§ Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠØ©. ÙˆÙ…Ù† Ø§Ù„ÙˆØ§Ø¶Ø Ù…Ù† ØºÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù…ÙƒÙ† Ø§Ù„ØØµÙˆÙ„ Ø¹Ù„Ù‰ Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ù„ÙˆÙ…Ø§Øª Ø¯ÙˆÙ† ÙÙ‡Ù…ØŒ Ù…Ù† Ù‡Ù†Ø§ ÙƒØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù…Ù„ Ø¹Ù„Ù‰ Ø¥ÙŠØ¬Ø§Ø¯ Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø£Ù…Ø±Ø§ Ø¨Ø§Ù„Øº Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù‡Ù…ÙŠØ©. ÙˆØ¨Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø¶Ø§ÙØ© Ø¥Ù„Ù‰ Ø°Ù„Ùƒ ÙØ¥Ù† Ø§Ø®ØªÙŠØ§Ø± Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø±ÙŠÙ‚Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¬ÙŠØ¯Ø© ÙÙŠ ØªØ¯Ø±ÙŠØ³ Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© ÙŠØ¤Ø¯ÙŠ Ø¥Ù„Ù‰ Ø¥Ù‚Ø¨Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ù„Ø¨Ø© Ø¹Ù„Ù‰ ØªØØµÙŠÙ„ Ø§Ù„Ø£ÙÙƒØ§Ø± ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ù„ÙˆÙ…Ø§Øª ÙˆØ³Ø±Ø¹Ø© Ø§ÙƒØªØ³Ø§Ø¨Ù‡Ø§ Ù…Ø¹ Ø§Ù„Ø¥ØØ³Ø§Ø³ Ø¨Ø§Ù„Ù…ØªØ¹Ø©. ÙˆÙÙŠ Ù‡Ø°Ø§ Ø§Ù„Ø¨ØØ« Ù‚Ø§Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø§ØØ« Ø¨ØªØ·Ø¨ÙŠÙ‚ Ø·Ø±ÙŠÙ‚Ø© Ø¬ÙŠÙƒØ³Ùˆ ÙÙŠ ØªØ¹Ù„ÙŠÙ… Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ø¥Ù…Ø§ Ù…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ø§Ù„ØµØ§Ù…ØªØ© ÙˆÙ…Ù‡Ø§Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø±Ø§Ø¡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ù‡Ø±ÙŠØ©.