SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI METIL ESTER MINYAK BIJI CARICA DIENG (Carica candamarcensis) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL - Nugroho Wahyu Sumartono; Joko Wahyono; Sonia Latifah; Anisa Ratih Pratiwi; Endang Dwi Siswani (Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, 2018)
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyintesis metil ester minyak biji carica dieng dan mengetahui karakteristiknya sebagai bahan bakar biodiesel. Proses sintesis metil ester minyak biji carica dieng melalui tahapan ekstraksi dan penjernihan minyak biji carica dieng, penentuan kadar asam lemak bebas, esterifikasi, dan sintesis ester biodiesel dengan transesterifikasi. Rendemen minyak biji carica dieng yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini sebesar 38,80% dan rendemen metil ester biodiesel sebesar 67,0%. Hasil analisis spektroskopi IR dan kromatogram GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji carica dieng berhasil terkonversi menjadi ester biodiesel berdasarkan perubahan gugus fungsi serta adanya senyawa ester biodiesel yang teridentifikasi. Metil ester minyak biji carica dieng memiliki viskositas kinematik sebesar 5,132 mm2/s, titik tuang pada -6 oC dan rerata kalor pembakaran sebesar 10.176,65 kal/g. Berdasarkan hasil karakteristik tersebut, metil ester minyak biji carica dieng telah memenuhi standar dan berpotensi dijadikan bahan bakar biodiesel. Kata kunci: Biodiesel, Carica candamarcensis, Dieng, Energi, Metil Ester, Minyak SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHYL ESTER FROM CARICA DIENG (Carica candamarcensis) SEED OIL AS BIODIESEL FUEL The purpose of this research is to synthesize methyl ester of carica dieng seed oil and to know its characteristic as biodiesel fuel. The synthesis of methyl esters from carica dieng seed oil, carried out through the stages of extraction and purification of carica dieng seed oil, determination of free fatty acid content, esterification, and synthesis of biodiesel ester with transesterification. The yield of carica seed oil obtained in this research was 38.80% and the yield of methyl ester biodiesel was 67.0%. The results of IR spectroscopic analysis and GC-MS chromatogram showed that carica seed oil was successfully converted into biodiesel ester based on functional group changes as well as the presence of identified biodiesel ester compounds. Methyl ester of carica dieng seed oil has a kinematic viscosity of 5.132 mm2/s, a pour point at -6 °C and an average gross calorific value of 10,176.65 cal / g. Based on the results of these characteristics, methyl esters of carica dieng seed oil can potentially be used as biodiesel fuel. Keywords: Biodiesel, Carica candamarcensis, Dieng, Energy, Methyl Ester, Oil