KEBERAGAMAN GENETIK KERABAT RAMBUTAN LIAR (NEPHELIUM SPP.) DI KABUPATEN SANGGAU, KALIMANTAN BARAT BERDASARKAN MARKA SSR DAN ISSR - Christyne SPLS Napitu; Tatik Chikmawati; Nina Ratna Djuita (PTTI, 2016)
Christyne SPLS Napitu, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2016. Genetic Diversity of Wild Rambutans (Nephelium spp.) in Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Based on SSR and ISSR Markers. Floribunda 5(4): 115–125. — This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of wild rambutans from Sanggau Regency (West Kalimantan) based on SSR and ISSR markers. Plant materials were collected from five subdistricts: Bonti, Jangkang, Parindu, Mukok and Kapuas, in Sanggau Regency. There were four species of wild rambutans with five vatieties, namely N. cuspidatum var. cuspidatum, N. cuspidatum var. eriopetalum, N. cuspidatum var. robustum, N. lappaceum var. lappaceum, N. lappaceum var. xanthioides, N. rubescens and N. uncinatum found in the research site. The highest genetic diversity from the samples based on SSR markers was found in Jangkang (He=0.27) and the highest genetic diversity based on ISSR was found in Bonti (He=0.18). Cluster analysis using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method and coefficient Simple Matching (SM) based on SSR and ISSR showed that there were high similarity among species of wild rambutans in Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan with similarity index ranged 0.5–1.0. Keywords: Genetic diversity, ISSR, Nephelium, SSR, wild rambutans. Christyne SPLS Napitu, Tatik Chikmawati & Nina Ratna Djuita. 2016. Keberagaman Genetik Kerabat Rambutan Liar (Nephelium spp.) di Kabupaten Sanggau, Kalimantan Barat Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan ISSR. Floribunda 5(4): 115–125. — Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keberagaman genetik rambutan liar yang berasal dari Kabupaten Sanggau (Kalimantan Barat) berdasarkan marka SSR dan ISSR. Pengambilan sampel diperoleh dari 5 Kecamatan: Bonti, Jangkang, Parindu, Mukok dan Kapuas, di Kabupaten Sanggau. Empat jenis rambutan liar beserta lima varietasnya yaitu N. cuspidatum var. cuspidatum, N. cuspidatum var. eriopetalum, N. cuspidatum var. robustum, N. lappaceum var. lappaceum, N. lappaceum var. xanthioides, N. rubescens dan N. uncinatum ditemukan di lokasi penelitian. Keberagaman genetik dengan nilai heterozigositas tertinggi berdasarkan marka SSR terdapat di Jangkang (He=0,27) dan berdasarkan marka ISSR terdapat di Bonti (He=0,18). Hasil analisis kelompok menggunakan metode Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) dan koefisien indeks similaritas Simple Matching (SM) berdasarkan data SSR dan ISSR menunjukkan adanya tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi antara jenis rambutan liar di Kabupaten Sanggau, Kalimantan Barat dengan nilai koefisien kemiripan 0,5–1,0.Kata kunci: Keberagaman genetik, ISSR, Nephelium, SSR, rambutan liar.