PENGARUH DIET TINGGI MINYAK KELAPA DAN MINYAK SAWIT TERHADAP PROFIL LEMAK DARAH TIKUS - Susila Sastri (Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, 2014)
AbstrakProfil lemak darah ikut ditentukan oleh jenis dan proporsi asam lemak dalam minyaksawit dan minyak kelapa yang dikonsumsi. Kandungan asam lemak tak jenuh (ALTJ) danasam lemak jenuh (ALJ) dalam minyak sawit hampir sama banyak, sedangkan minyakkelapa kaya akan asam lemak jenuh rantai sedang (ALJRS) yang mudah dirubah menjadienergi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh diet tinggi minyak sawitdan minyak kelapa terhadap profil lemak darah tikus putih jantan galur Wistar. Penelitiandilakukan melalui pemberian diet tinggi minyak sawit (DMS) dan diet tinggi minyak kelapa(DMK) terhadap tikus jantan Wistar putih selama 8 minggu adlibitum. Profil lemak darah diukurdengan spektrofotometer. Data diolah secara non-parametrik dengan p<0,05. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan DMS dan DMK meningkatkan profil lemak darah bermakna dibandingkan kontrol.Kelompok DMK meningkatkan dengan bermakna kolesterol total (p=0,047), HDL-kolesterol(p=0,009) dan rasio HDL-kolesterol/kolesterol total (p=0,009). Kelompok DMS meningkatkantrigliserida (p=0,076) tetapi tidak bermakna, sedangkan fraksi non-HDL-kolesterol meningkatbermakna (p=0,009). Diet tinggi minyak kelapa pada tikus meningkatkan kadar kolesteroltotal dan HDL-kolesterol, sedangkan diet tinggi minyak sawit meningkatkan fraksi non-HDLkolesterol.AbstractBlood lipid profiles were determined by the types and proportion of fatty acids contained bycoconut and palm oil which is consumed. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) andsaturated fatty acids of palm oil is almost balanced, while coconut oil is rich with medium chainsaturated fatty acids (MCSFA), which is easily converted into energy. This study determinedthe effect of consumption of palm oil and coconut oil on blood lipid profiles of male white Wistarrats. This was an experimental study. High palm oil and coconut oil diet were given to male whiteWistar rats ad libitum for eight weeks. Blood lipid profiles were measured by spectrofotometer.The data was analized using nonparametric tests with p<0,05. Results showed that high dietof palm oil and coconut oil altered blood lipid profiles. High coconut oil diet increased thetotal cholesterol (p=0,047), HDL-cholesterol (p=0,009), and HDL-cholesterol/total cholasterol(p=0,009). High palm oil diet increased triglycerides (p=0,076) unsignificantly, whereas thefraction of non-HDL-cholesterol increased significantly (p=0,009). The conclusion of this studywas that high diet of coconut oil in rats increased total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, whilethe high diet of palm oil increased non-HDL-cholesterol.