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Hayati Minarsih
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INDONESIA
Menara Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 01259318     EISSN : 18583768     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021" : 6 Documents clear
Harnessing molasses as a low-cost carbon source for production of poly-hydroxy butyrate (PHB) using Burkholderia sp. B73 bacteria Diah - RATNANINGRUM; Een Sri ENDAH; Puspita LISDIYANTI; Sri PRIATNI; Vienna SARASWATY
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.452

Abstract

Burkholderia sp. has been reported as a poly-hydroxy-butyrate (PHB) producer. PHB is a natural polyester class with a wide range of applications in foods, medicines, and biomedicines. However, the high production cost of PHB may limit its potential. Molasses, a by-product of the sugarcane industry available abundantly, may be used as an alternative carbon source of PHB production. In this research, we aimed to evaluate PHB production by Burkholderia sp. B73 in fermentation media using molasses as an alternative carbon source. Small-scale experiments were performed in Erlenmeyer flasks on a shaker at 150 rpm and 30 °C to evaluate the best initial C/N ratio for biomass accumulation and PHB production. A set of parameters including bacterial growth, dry cell weight, yield, and FTIR spectrum of PHB were observed.  The results showed that molasses could be used to grow Burkholderia sp. B73 and the highest PHB production was obtained when a 20:1 C/N ratio of molasses was applied in the fermentation medium. In addition, when the initial pH was adjusted to 7.0, the highest PHB yield was also produced. More importantly, the use of molasses as a carbon source improved the PHB yield by nearly 2-fold compared with our previous report using a synthetic Ramsay’s minimal medium. In conclusion, the experiment results showed that molasses could be used as a low-cost carbon source for PHB production by Burkholderia sp. B73 bacteria.
Optimization on Na and Ca bentonite activation using response surface method for increasing selectivity of stevioside in stevia extract Ayu Rahayu SARASWATI; Erliza NOOR; Titi Candra SUNARTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.459

Abstract

The demand for stevia extract consumption as an alternative sweetener that contains stevioside with zero-calorie is increasing. However, dark color and high tannin content from stevia leaf extract causes a disturbing aftertaste and reduces interest in consumption. Therefore, the purification process is a mandatory step to be done. Several studies on purification methods show the best approach by adsorption using bentonite. However, natural bentonite has limited adsorption capacity and low selectivity. An activation with acid and high temperature is expected to increase the adsorption capacity of color and its selectivity on maintaining the stevioside at the extract. This study aimed to obtain the optimum acid concentration and temperature for the activation using the Response Surface Method (RSM) experimental design and its application to the purification of stevia leaf extract. Based on the parameter of methylene blue number, the most optimum concentration of H2SO4 used for activation was 0.17 N for both natural bentonite. The heating temperature was 358°C for Na-bentonite and 481°C for Ca bentonite. The maximum adsorption capacities of activated Na and Ca-bentonite were increased from 15.65 and 38.23 mg g-1 to 197.72 and 169.52 mg g-1, respectively. The best adsorbent used for purification is Ca-activated, which increased extract clarification up to 81.37% at 655 nm and 86.64% at 410 nm compared to natural Ca bentonite. It also reduced tannin up to 97.46% and was more selective to recover 50.64% stevia content in the solution, which was higher than other previously reported studies.
Sintesis gliserol ester berbasis asam oleat sawit dan karakteristik sifat fisika kimia Firda DIMAWARNITA; Erliza HAMBALI; Tri PANJI; . MUSLICH; Yora FARAMITHA
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.464

Abstract

Peningkatan kapasitas produksi biodiesel menyebabkan meningkatnya produksi gliserol. Salah satu cara alternatif untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi gliserol adalah melalui esterifikasi gliserol menjadi surfaktan, yaitu gliserol ester (GE). Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan sintesis GE berbasis asam oleat sawit dengan waktu reaksi 180 menit menggunakan katalis p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA). Suhu sintesis yang digunakan, yaitu:140, 160, 180, dan 240°C. Hasil uji ANOVA dan Duncan (α = 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa suhu sintesis berpengaruh nyata pada rendemen, angka asam, dan viskositas. Proses sintesis GE optimum diperoleh pada suhu sintesis 160°C dengan nilai rendemen GE sebesar 95,66%, pH 7, nilai angka asam 11,28 mg KOH/g sampel, viskositas kinematis 75,76 cst, dan densitas 0,944 g cm-3. Suhu sintesis 160°C, 180°C, dan 240°C menghasilkan rendemen yang tinggi, berkisar 95,66-97,07% dan tidak berbeda nyata antara ketiganya. Analisis menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) juga menghasilkan suhu terbaik untuk sintesis GE adalah 160°C. Produk GE yang terbentuk mengandung gugus ester, asam karboksilat, dan alkohol yang muncul pada 1240,41-1739,62 cm-1.[Kata kunci: biodiesel, esterifikasi, katalis PTSA, surfaktan]  
Peningkatan kadar capsaicin tanaman Capsicum annuum cv. Lado pada kondisi kekeringan menggunakan kitosan Muhammad Abdul AZIZ; Sri WAHYUNI; Fenny Martha DWIVANNY; Rizkita Rachmi ESYANTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.423

Abstract

AbstrakCabai merah (Capsicum annuum) merupakan jenis sayuran yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Saat kekeringan, kemampuan bertahan hidup tanaman tersebut sering kali menurun, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanannya. Kitosan dikenal sebagai elisitor ketahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi patogen melalui induksi sintesis metabolit sekunder senyawa golongan fenol seperti capsaicin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 terhadap peningkatan kadar capsaicin dan ekspresi gen PAL1 tanaman cabai merah cv. Lado pada kondisi kekeringan. Serial perlakuan terdiri dari kitosan (Chi), kombinasi kitosan dan kekeringan (Chi-D), kekeringan (D) dan kontrol (C) yang diaplikasikan saat tanaman memasuki fase generatif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi analisis ekspresi gen PAL1, aktivitas enzim PAL dan kadar capsaicin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 saat kekeringan menurunkan level ekspresi gen PAL1 0,61 kali dan aktivitas enzim PAL 0,94 kali dibanding kontrol. Sebaliknya, kadar capsaicin meningkat 2,46 kali dibandingkan kontrol, sehingga aplikasi kitosan 1 mg mL-1 saat kekeringan diduga dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman tersebut terhadap infeksi patogen.
Respons tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) terhadap aplikasi konsorsium biostimulan di tiga tipologi lahan Ciptadi Achmad YUSUP; Deddy PURWANTORO; Happy WIDIASTUTI; . SISWANTO; Djoko SANTOSO; . PRIYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.457

Abstract

The consortium biostimulant combines several types of biostimulant applied holistically, such as phytohormones to induce physiological processes, humic acid to improve nutrition intake and land fertility, and biofertilizer arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve abiotic stress tolerance. The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect of application consortium biostimulant on the growth and productivity of Bululawang sugarcane variety planted in three land typologies, i.e. irrigated heavy soil with good drainage (BPL), irrigated heavy soil with poor drainage (BPJ), and rainfed light soil with good drainage (RHL). The research was conducted on plant cane (PC) sugarcane areal in Lumajang Regency, East Java, from July 2019 to September 2020. The treatment plot area was 1 ha for each land typologies, and the observation were conducted on 10 m plant row with ten times replications. Each treatment was replicated ten times. The results showed that the application of consortium biostimulant could induce faster growth of sugarcane shoots and better roots at one month after planting (MAP). Stalk height and diameter showed significantly different values between treatment and control at the plant age 6 to 12 MAP. In addition, the sugarcane stalk weight per meter row also increases by 13.72 – 28.57%. The growth performance of sugarcane on a commercial scale increased, also sugarcane productivity increased by 11.08 – 20.36%. The potential sugar yield increased by 15.05% in BPL land typology, 4.9% in BPJ land typology, and 9.7% in RHL land typology. The difference in land typologies affected the effectiveness of the consortium biostimulant application in increasing sugarcane productivity.
Inisiasi, pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan kalus embriogenik tanaman stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) Masna Maya SINTA; Rizka Tamania SAPTARI; . SUMARYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i2.458

Abstract

The leaves of sweetener plant Stevia rebaudiana contain secondary metabolites of steviol glycosides which are very sweet, with no calorie and zero glycemic index. Propagation of stevia by seeds is ineffective due to its low germination rate and diverse progenies. The tissue culture of stevia can be used to mass propagate rapidly and is commonly conducted by shoot multiplication. Up to now, the technology of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in stevia has not been successful yet. SE is developed to increase the production scale, rejuvenate clonal-propagated plants, and plant genetic transformation. The research objective was to develop protocols for the initiation, proliferation, and development of embryogenic calli of stevia as potential materials for SE. The explants used were young leaves, nodes, and internodes of axenic plantlets of stevia BX clone. The explants were cultured on MS solid media containing different concentrations of auxin and cytokinin for callus initiation. Callus emerged after 2-3 weeks of culture. The calli obtained were proliferated by subculturing several times as material stocks for indirect SE. MS solid media added with 1 µM 3,4-D and 16 mM CaCl2 gave the highest callus multiplication rate (4.7 times in 3 weeks). The selection of embryogenic calli was made continuously to obtain a pure line of embryogenic calli. Three types of calli attained were friable, fast-growing, yellowish calli, shiny nodular calli, and greenish nodular calli. Histological studies revealed that cells of the nodular calli had been differentiated to potentially formed somatic embryos.

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