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Published by Pusbindiklat Peneliti LIPI

ISSN : - EISSN : 24610976 DOI : 10.14203

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Widyariset is a scientific journal which publishes the results of research and development, assessment, and systematic thinking about Natural Science.

Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum

Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset" : 15 Documents clear

KELAYAKAN USAHA TANI PADI GOGO DENGAN POLA PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (PTT) DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR, PROVINSI ACEH Eka Fitria; M. Nasir Ali
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Aceh is one of the center of rice production areas in Indonesia. Nevertheless, especially there upland, rice productivity is still very low. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of upland rice farming pattern through Integrated Crop Management (ICM). Location for the study in Tubaluy Village, Darul Imarah Sub-District, Aceh Besar, during May–August 2009, is determined purposively. The study is conducted over an upland area of 3.0 ha property of several farmer. The study involves 8 farmers as well. The results shows that adopting four varieties of rice with the application of ICM is worth the effort, amidst the four varieties potentially yield very well (6–7 tonnes/ha) and are more often planted by farmers for their moderate resistance to blast attack. Highest production capability is found in Towuti (6.29 tonnes/ha) with R/C ratio (2.88). With the application of a ICM, break even production (TIP) and breakeven price (TIH) analysis of four varieties tested (Cirata 62.32%, Limboto 61.40%, Situ Bagendit 62.32% and Tuwoti 65.35%) results that the production of those four varieties will not cause loss since any reducing in productivity or prices will not exceed the value of TIP or TIH. It means the four varieties remain profitable to be produced. The development of dryland rice farming can be carried out by improving farmers’ access to resources, capital, technology, market and productivity through innovation and diversification of production. Furthermore, the development can be established by empowering farmers, develop- ing the institutions needed, and encouraging active participation of all stakeholders.

EKSPRESI HASIL GABAH DAN ANALISIS LINTASAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI DI SLEMAN Bambang Sutaryo
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Experiments to examine the expression of grain yield and path analysis of several new rice varieties were conductedat irrigated paddy fields, Godean, Sleman, Yogyakarta, during the wet season from November 2012 to March 2013. Five new varieties of rice namely Inpari 4, Inpari 7, Inpari 10, Inpari 11 and Inpari 19 and a popular variety Ciherang were used as checks. Fifteen-day old seedlings sown one seed per hill were planted by jajar legowo 4:1 method, with spacing between plants 25cm x 12.5cm x 50cm, in a 4m x 5m plot. The experiment was designed using a randomized block pattern with three replications. Data obtained indicated that the highest grain yield was obtained by Inpari 10 (9.3 t/ha), followed by Inpari 4, Inpari 7, Inpari 11 and Inpari 19 (9.0 ; 8.6; 8.4 , and 8.3 t /ha, respectively). Those five varieties above mentioned gave grain yield significantly higher than that of Ciherang (5.5 t/ha) and provided excess grain yield amounted to 69.1; 63.6; 56.4; 52.7; and 50.9% for Inpari 10, Inpari 4, Inpari 7, Inpari 11 and Inpari 19, respectively. Maturity varies from 117 days to 122 days for Inpari 4 to Inpari 11, while the lowest plant height was 103.2 cm for Ciherang and Inpari 4 was the highest at 116.2 cm. Path analysis showed that filled grain per panicle directly affected yield, and contributed indirectly to the correlation between yield and each yield components.

THE POTENTIAL OF VELVET BEANS (Mucuna pruriens L.) AS A SOURCE OF PROTEIN IN FOOD PRODUCTS Irma Susanti; Nobel Christian Siregar; Fitri Hasanah
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi/perlakuan optimum awal untuk menghilangkan kadar HCN, membuat tempe, dan tahu koro benguk serta mengetahui daya terima konsumen terhadap produk yang di- hasilkan. Perlakuan awal yang dilakukan adalah perendaman koro benguk selama 12 jam, perendaman tiga hari, dan perendaman 12 jam dengan penambahan NaHCO 1% yang dapat menghilangkan kandungan HCN. Koro2 benguk dapat dijadikan tempe tanpa substitusi kedelai, sedangkan pembuatan tahu harus disubstitusi kedelai hingga 65%. Tempe koro benguk yang paling disukai adalah tempe dengan perlakuan awal perendaman tiga hari dengan kandungan protein 12,2%. Tahu koro benguk yang paling disukai adalah tahu dengan formula 20% koro benguk dan 80% kedelai, baik dengan perlakuan awal perendaman 12 jam dengan penambahan NaHCO2 maupun dengan perendaman selama tiga hari. Ini untuk pertama kalinya dilaporkan tentang tahu koro benguk. denganpenambahanNaHCO maupun

KERAGAMAN PENAMPILAN FENOTIP ENAM GENOTIPE PEPAYA HASIL PERSILANGAN Sunyoto Sunyoto; Liza Octriana; Tri Budiyanti
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Getting new varieties according to consumer preferences can be carried out through crossbreeding (hy bridization) between elected elders. The results of such crossbreeding must be characterized and sorted to obtain new superior varieties that show the expected appearance of phenotype. The research aimed to get information about phenotypical appearance diversity and heritability value of some characters of some papaya hybrids. The study was conducted from March 2011 to February 2012 at the Sumani Research Station, Tropical Fruit Research Institute. The research was arranged in a randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. Each unit consisted of eight plants. The results showed that the phenotypical appearances such as fruit weight, fruit girth, fruit cavity width, and a larger number of perfect flowers, was influenced by genetic factors and had high heritability values. Genotypes P 13, P 14, P 21, and P 31 could be the superior variety candidates because of their early maturity, low height of first flower and first fruit, i.e. < 1 m (low bearing), medium-sized fruit, thick fruit flesh and sweet taste, and PTT > 13° Brix. Some of papaya hybrids are expected to be new superior varieties of papaya Indonesian.

KARAKTERISASI MUTAN KENTANG HITAM (Plectranthus rotundifolius (poir.) spreng.) HASIL IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA YANG TOLERAN SALINITAS DAN KEKERINGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKA RAPD DAN ISSR Diyah Martanti; Yuyu S. Poerba; Kusumadewi Sri Yulita; Herlina Herlina
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Hausa potato (Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng.) is one of the alternative food for people living in some part of Indonesia. However, its low level of genetic variations has become an obstacle in developing new va- riety. Plant breeding through mutation, e.g. irradiation of γ rays, can be assumed to improve genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to characterize tuber hausa potato mutant irradiated γ rays in salinity and drought tolerant using ISSR and RAPD markers. Five primers of ISSR and five primers of RAPD were used to amplify DNA of hausa potato mutants. Ten primers generated 95% polymorphic and 27 speciific band of irradiated salt-tolerant mutans. Meanwhile, they generated 49% polymorphic and three specific band of irradiated drought-tolerant mutans. The result of the Principal Component Analysis showed that mutants were divided into three groups based on specific bands that play role in the group formation. The result showed that the ISSR and RAPD markers can be reliable to characterize mutants on hausa potatoes.

PENETAPAN NILAI ACUAN AMILOSA BEBERAPA VARIETAS PADI MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGIKATAN IODIN (I): KALIUM IODIDA (KI) MELALUI UJI BANDING ANTARLABORATORIUM Shinta D. Ardhiyanti; Udin S. Nugraha; Siti Dewi Indrasari; Bram Kusbiantoro
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

The assigned value of amylose content in rice is the key factor in the development of internal laboratory quality control system. To produce reliable data, quality control system becomes necessary. The aim of this research was to determine the assigned value of amylose content of several rice varieties through interlaboratory testing. This research was conducted in 2012 in Post-Harvest Physiology Laboratory of Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) and several laboratories in Bogor, West Java, as interlaboratory testing participant. Samples used in this research were 4 new superior varieties with different amylose content i.e. Lusi, Sintanur, Ciherang, and Inpari 12, and had been confirmed for their homogenity and stability. The Cochran’s, the Grubbs’, and the Z-score tests were used to determine the outlier data of the interlaboratory testing results and the competent laboratories as well. The assigned values obtained for each variety were Lusi 6.29% (±1.73); Sintanur 19.42% (±1.51); Ciherang 23.78% (±1.44); and Inpari 12 29.83% (±0.68). All tested varieties could be used as reference materials in determining the laboratory performance to analyze rice’s amylose content using iodine: potassium iodide (I:KI) binding method.

KARAKTERISTIK DAN PREFERENSI HABITAT KAKAKTUA SUMBA (Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata) DI TAMAN NASIONAL LAIWANGI WANGGAMETI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Oki Hidayat; Kayat Kayat
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Sumba cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata) is an endangered endemic bird, which requires a serious attention. Sumba cockatoo is protected by Government Regulation No.7/1999 and the Ministry of Forestry Regula- tion No. 350//Kpts-11/1997. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and habitat preferences of Sumba cockatoo at Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park (LWNP) of East Nusa Tenggara Province. Vegetation analysis by making plots of 2 km in length with a total of 20 plots per location was used to discover the habitat characteristics. Chi-square test was used to determine the preference of cockatoo habitat variable. The habitat preference was analyzed by Neu’s method. The result showed that the habitat of Sumba cockatoo at LWNP has a relatively good richness of species with relatively even numbers each (good evenness). The habitat variables at LWNP were at altitude with the range of 251–400 meters above the sea level and the grade of slopeness was rather steep i.e. 26–40 % whereas the rampnesss is at 3–8 %. The most preferred location of Sumba cockatoo was at Billa forest block.

POTENSI ANCAMAN INVASIF IKAN OSKAR (Amphilophus citrinellus) DI WADUK IR. H. DJUANDA, JAWA BARAT Prawira Atmaja; R. P. Tampubolon; M. F. Rahardjo; Krismono Krismono
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

The alien species phenomenon is one of the greatest concerns in environmental issue. This research was held since October 2011 until Januari 2012 in Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir, West Java. The study aims to describe the potential of Amphilophus citrinellus threatening invasion in Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir referring to its ecobiological aspects. Total number of fish caught during research period was 657 fish. Six of 12 species caught were indigenous species. Midas cichlid dominated the amount of fish caught, with total length and weight ranging between 62–210 mm and 4.81–187.18 gram, respectively. It had adapted well and not only survived and grown in somatic but also grown in gonadic without being affected by season change. This fish is omnivore and usually consumes all sources of food within the feeding area. Other fish species thought to be utilized in the same way with the small, medium, and the large-sized Midas Cichlid is Barbonymus balleroides. This fish is an invasive potential for this particular region and controlling its population is a must.

POTENSI PENINGKATAN PENYERAPAN KARBON DI PERKEBUNAN KARET SEMBAWA, SUMATRA SELATAN Charlos Togi Stevanus; Sahuri Sahuri
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Addition to its economic contribution, rubber plantation plays an important role in sequestration of carbon. Carbon sequestration of rubber plantation could be increased through the application of intercropping system with high biomass timber trees. This study aimed: 1) to asses the potential increase of land carbon stock in rubber plantation intercropped with teak (Tectona grandis) and trembesi (Samanea saman); and 2) to examine theroleofforestryplantsintercroppingonrubbertreesasanalternativetoreduceCO2 emissions.Theresearch was conducted at the Balai Penelitian Sembawa’s plantation, South Sumatera, with three intercropping patterns, namelyPT1:teak+rubberplants,PT2:trembesi+rubberplants,andPT3:rubbertreemonocultures.Carbon stocks measurement is divided into three components: living part (tree biomass), dead part (necromass) and soil (soil organic matter). The results showed that the highest value per hectare of tree biomass, litter and soil carbon wasatPT2experimentwhilethelowestwasatPT3.TotalCO2 fixationperyearatPT1,PT2,andPT3were 18.54tons/ha,35.69tons/haand32.34ton/ha,respectively.Theincreaseincarbon sequestrationlevelbecause oftheexistenceoftrembesiwas9.3%oraround0.92tonnesC/ha/year,higherthanthatinmonoculturerubber plantation. 2 theroleofforestryplantsintercroppingonrubbertreesasanalternativetoreduceCO

PERANCANGAN TANGKI BIOGAS PORTABEL SEBAGAI SARANA PRODUKSI ENERGI ALTERNATIF DI PEDESAAN M. C. Tri Atmodjo; Dadang Rosadi; Hardoyo Hardoyo
Widyariset Vol 17, No 3 (2014): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

The increasing price of fossil-based energy and the higher amount of its consumption amidst its limited source would be the main reasons to develop some alternative energy from renewable sources. One of such alternative energy sources is the one from biomass waste, which is easy to find in rural areas as well as in animal husbandry. This biogas portable tank is designed for 160 liters of volume and 75% of this volume is filled with slurry which composes 1 part of cow manure and 1 part of fresh water. The Hydrolysis Retention Time of this slurry is about 20 days and everyday 14.5 liters of old slurry is replaced with the new one and will produce biogas by about 0.56 until 0.68 cubic meters per day, equal to 0.26 kg of LPG. By the assumption that the price of LPG is Rp6,000 per kg and 30 days of operation in a month, the biogas portable tank would get revenue which can cover cost production of the tank in less than 2 years of operation. With its simple design, small scale and lower cost production, and operability, the biogas portable tank is suitable for the production process of biogas and for fulfilling energy needs in rural areas.

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Andri Rahman

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andri.agus.rahman@lipi.go.id

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Pusbindiklat LIPI, Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong - Bogor 16911

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Jawa barat

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