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The Journal of Society Medicine (JSOCMED)
Published by PT. CoinReads Media Prima
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29645565     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47353/jsocmed.v2i1
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
The Journal of Society Medicine (JSOCMED) | ISSN (e): 2964-5565 is a leading voice in the Indonesia and internationally for medicine and healthcare. Published continuously, JSOCMED features scholarly comment and clinical research. JSOCMED is editorially independent from and its The Editor-in-Chief (EIC) is Prof. dr. Aznan Lelo, PhD, SpFK. JSOCMED offers many attractive features for authors, including free online access to all research articles, online publication ahead of print, and online responses to articles published as Quick Comments. In addition, as befitting a publication of the Journal of Society Medicine, JSOCMED implements best practice in scientific publishing with an open peer review process, declarations of competing interests and funding, full requirements for patient consent and ethical review, and statements of guarantorship, contributorship, and provenance.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 5 no. 5 (2026): may" : 6 Documents clear
Flavonoids in Sepsis: Mechanistic Modulation of Inflammatory Pathways and Therapeutic Potential-A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies Yunita Dewani; Gusbakti Rusip; Boyke Marthin Simbolon
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.255

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome driven by dysregulated host immunity, excessive inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial injury, and immunosuppression. Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; however, their therapeutic relevance in sepsis remains primarily preclinical. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase to identify controlled in vivo studies that evaluated the effects of flavonoids in experimental sepsis or endotoxemia. Eligible studies compared flavonoid-treated animals with septic controls and reported survival, organ injury, inflammatory, oxidative, and mechanistic outcomes. Evidence was qualitatively synthesized, with survival findings contextualized using relevant preclinical meta-analytic data. Results: Eighty eligible studies were synthesized, predominantly rodent models using lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia or cecal ligation and puncture. More than 30 flavonoids have been reported, including quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, fisetin, and orientin. Flavonoids reduce TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, oxidative stress, and organ injury in the pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and cardiovascular systems. Aggregated evidence suggests approximately 50% higher survival in flavonoid-treated animals. The mechanisms included NF-κB and MAPK inhibition, Nrf2/HO-1 activation, endothelial protection, and macrophage polarization. The limitations of this study include the prophylactic designs, heterogeneity, and limited clinical evidence. Conclusion: Flavonoids exhibit consistent multi-target immunomodulatory and organ-protective effects in experimental sepsis. Translation requires standardized post-insult studies, improved bioavailability, pharmacokinetic evaluation, and early phase clinical trials.
Curcumin in Sepsis: Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms, Nano-Formulations, and Evidence from Preclinical and Early Clinical Studies Yeni Puspawani; Gusbakti Rusip; Ali Napiah
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.280

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is driven by dysregulated host inflammation, cytokine amplification, endothelial injury, and oxidative stress, with nuclear factor kappa B signaling acting as a central regulatory axis. Curcumin, the principal bioactive compound of turmeric, has gained attention as a potential adjunctive therapy because of its pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties; however, its translational relevance in sepsis remains unclear. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from preclinical sepsis models, mechanistic studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and early randomized or controlled clinical trials that evaluated curcumin, nano-curcumin, or curcumin-based formulations for sepsis and critical illness. Results: Preclinical evidence indicates that curcumin attenuates macrophage hyperactivation, suppresses TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β signaling, and modulates pyroptosis-related inflammatory pathways. In polymicrobial sepsis models, curcumin inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, reduced HMGB1 release, and limited NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation in polymicrobial sepsis models. Higher doses demonstrated stronger protection against multi-organ injury, partly through ferroptosis suppression via ACSL4/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) regulation and inhibition of protein lactylation via p300 downregulation. Early ICU trials suggest that enterally administered nano-curcumin may reduce inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers while enhancing antioxidant responses via Nrf2 signaling. Clinical signals include improved SOFA scores and reduced mechanical ventilation duration, although mortality and ICU length-of-stay remain inconsistent. Pooled evidence from critically ill populations also indicates modest improvements in organ dysfunction and selected hepatic and nutritional biomarkers. Conclusion: Curcumin demonstrates strong biological and translational plausibility in sepsis through multi-target modulation of inflammatory, oxidative, and cell death pathways. However, current clinical evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, underscoring the need for larger, well-designed trials with standardized formulations and clinically meaningful endpoints.
BRAF Mutation Status and Histopathological Differentiation Patterns in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Tertiary Referral Center Study in Indonesia Lela Khaibirunna A.P; Noni Novisari Soeroso; Desfrina Kasuma; Putri Eyanoer
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.281

Abstract

Introduction: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common subtype of lung cancer and a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. BRAF mutations have emerged as clinically relevant molecular alterations associated with tumor behavior and targeted therapy responses. However, evidence regarding their relationship with histopathological differentiation remains limited, particularly in the Indonesian population. This study aimed to evaluate the association between BRAF mutation status and histopathological differentiation in patients with NSCLC at a tertiary referral center in Indonesia. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with NSCLC at a tertiary hospital in Medan, Indonesia. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from patients’ medical records. Histopathological differentiation was classified as well-, moderately, or poorly differentiated. BRAF mutation analysis was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the association between BRAF mutation status and histopathological differentiation. Results: Most patients were men (76.7%), aged >40 years, and had a history of smoking (74.2%). Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological subtype (75%), and most patients were diagnosed at stage IVA (60%). BRAF mutations were identified in 3.3% of the patients. Histopathological evaluation revealed that 20.8%, 37.5%, and 41.7% of the tumors were well-, moderately-, and poorly differentiated, respectively. A significant association was observed between BRAF mutation status and histopathological differentiation (P = 0.001), with mutations being more frequently detected in poorly differentiated tumors. Conclusion: BRAF mutations were identified in a small proportion of NSCLC patients and were significantly associated with poor histopathological differentiation, suggesting a potential role in aggressive tumor biology.
The Role of Bronchoscopy as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modality in Critically Ill Patients with Respiratory Failure and Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit: A Descriptive Observational Study Edi Darmawan; Rizki Taufiqurrahman; Sutan Syarif Muda Dalimunthe; Septian Adi Permana; Arie Zainul Fatoni; Teuku Yasir; Andriamuri Primaputra Lubis; Rommy Fransiscus Nadeak; Bastian Lubis
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.284

Abstract

Introduction: Respiratory failure remains a major cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pneumonia frequently results in respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Bronchoscopy enables direct airway visualisation and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), providing important diagnostic and therapeutic benefits in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the role of bronchoscopy in ICU patients with pneumonia-associated respiratory failure. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted in the adult ICU of RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan, Indonesia. Adult patients with pneumonia-associated respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation who underwent bronchoscopy during ICU treatment in December 2025 were included. Data were obtained from medical records, bronchoscopy reports, laboratory investigations, and radiological examinations. Outcomes included chest radiographic findings, leukocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and BAL culture results. Results: Eighteen patients were included. Radiological improvement was observed in 13 patients (72%), whereas 5 patients (28%) demonstrated deterioration. Leukocyte count improvement occurred in 16 patients (89%), and NLR improvement was identified in 15 patients (83%). BAL cultures predominantly revealed Acinetobacter baumannii, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy provides important diagnostic and therapeutic benefits in ICU patients with pneumonia-associated respiratory failure by facilitating airway clearance, improving inflammatory parameters, and supporting targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) as a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia and Cognitive Dysfunction Ira Febri Yani; Irmiya Rachmiyani; Yudhisman Imran; Triasti Khusfiani; Dina Putri Nasution; Emad Yousif
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.302

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. PCOS is associated with various metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation, which may increase the risk of pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia. In addition to increasing the risk of preeclampsia, PCOS has also been linked to a decline in cognitive function resulting from the effects of hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation on neuronal function. Therefore, PCOS not only increases the risk of developing preeclampsia but may also play an indirect role in cognitive dysfunction. This narrative review discusses the role of PCOS as a risk factor for preeclampsia and cognitive impairment and the interconnected pathophysiological mechanisms linking these conditions.
Clinicopathological Profile of Colorectal Cancer Patients at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study Nanda Subhan; Khalikul Razi; Maria Meildi; Darul Ilham; T. Fenny Novhera
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71197/jsocmed.v5i5.303

Abstract

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global malignancy and a growing issue in Southeast Asia, with limited data from Indonesian hospitals outside Java. This study described demographic, anatomical, pathological, staging, and surgical characteristics of CRC patients at Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, in 2024. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed records of histopathologically confirmed CRC patients treated between January and December 2024. Incomplete records were excluded. Variables included age, sex, tumor location, AJCC stage, histological subtype, and surgical procedure. Continuous variables are mean ± standard deviation; categorical variables are frequencies and percentages with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical comparisons used chi-square goodness-of-fit, one-sample t-test, and proportion tests, with p < 0.05 significant. Results: Fifty-seven patients were included. Mean age was 49.37 ± 12.4 years, significantly younger than the global reference of 60 years (p < 0.001). Most were aged 46–65 years (57.9%), with males slightly predominating (54.4%). The rectum was the most common tumor site (56.1%), and stage III was most frequent (40.4%). Advanced-stage disease (stage III–IV) was observed in 52.6%. Adenocarcinoma accounted for 91.2%. Open laparotomy was the most common surgical approach (70.2%), followed by abdominoperineal resection, low anterior resection, and Hartmann procedure. Conclusion: CRC patients at RSUDZA in 2024 presented younger, with rectal predominance, frequent advanced-stage disease, and a dominance of open surgery, highlighting the need for earlier detection and surgical capacity in Aceh, Indonesia.

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