Law & Pass : International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies
LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies is an open access scientific journal published by PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia which contains studies in the fields of law, public administration and social studies both theoretically and empirically. The focus of this journal is divided into 3 general scientific disciplines, including: Law (civil law, criminal law, constitutional law, international law, procedural law, customary law, and Islamic law) Public Administration (Public Service Management, Public Sector Human Resources, Disaster Management, Population and Environmental Administration, Land Administration, Public Economy and Public Finance, Public Policy, Bureaucracy and Public Government, Digital Government, Political Policy, Regional Government, Decentralization and Regional autonomy) Social Studies (Sociology, Policy and Administration, Political Science, Anthropology, Demography, Human Geography, Communication, Community Professions, Criminology, Other studies related to society, including community service). This journal is published 2 months, namely February, April, June, August, October and December.
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<![CDATA[Borrowing and Lending Procedures with Fiduciary Guarantee at the Mega Buana Makmur Savings and Loans Cooperative in Jayapura City ]]>
<![CDATA[Tanggahma, Biloka]]>;
<![CDATA[Yoseph Palenewen, James]]>
<![CDATA[ LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v3i1.111
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the lending and borrowing procedures with fiduciary guarantees at the Mega Buana Makmur Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) in Jayapura City and to determine the problems that arise in the implementation of lending and borrowing agreements with fiduciary guarantees at the Mega Buana Makmur Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) in Jayapura City. The method used in this study is normative and empirical juridical, namely reviewing the laws and regulations including the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, the Civil Code, Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, Government Regulation Number 9 of 1995 concerning the Implementation of Savings and Loans Business Activities by Cooperatives, and Law Number 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees as well as seeing the reality that occurs in the field. The results of this study reveal that the implementation of lending and borrowing with fiduciary guarantees at the Mega Buana Makmur Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) is through the formation of a lending and borrowing agreement and a fiduciary burden agreement and the problems that arise in the implementation of the lending and borrowing agreement with fiduciary guarantees at the Mega Buana Makmur Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) are the existence of default (defective performance), where the Debtor does not keep his promise to the Creditor as agreed by both parties in the credit agreement.]]>
<![CDATA[Beyond Compliance: Integrating Legal Norms, Social Values, and Administrative Practices in Global Governance ]]>
<![CDATA[Biswas Singh, Karna]]>;
<![CDATA[Kailas Bharati, Diganta]]>
<![CDATA[ LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v3i1.113
<![CDATA[Global governance has evolved beyond traditional state-centric and compliance-based legal frameworks toward more complex and pluralistic systems of regulation. This article examines the limitations of a purely compliance-oriented approach and proposes an integrated conceptual framework that combines legal norms, social values, and administrative practices. Using a qualitative and normative methodology grounded in interdisciplinary literature, the study analyzes how these three dimensions interact to shape governance outcomes in transnational contexts. The findings reveal that legal norms alone are insufficient to ensure effective governance unless they are aligned with societal values and operationalized through adaptive administrative practices. Social values play a critical role in establishing legitimacy and guiding norm formation, while administrative practices function as the operational mechanisms that translate abstract norms into concrete actions. The study further demonstrates that global governance increasingly relies on hybrid arrangements involving state and non-state actors, soft law instruments, and performance-based regulatory tools. By synthesizing insights from global administrative law, legal pluralism, and governance theory, this article introduces a dynamic and relational model of governance that moves beyond compliance toward normative integration. The proposed framework contributes to theoretical debates by bridging legal, socio-legal, and administrative perspectives, and offers practical implications for policymakers seeking to design more legitimate, adaptive, and effective governance systems in an increasingly complex global environment.]]>
<![CDATA[The Anatomy of Governance Breakdown: Rethinking Authority and Regulation in Fragile Contexts ]]>
<![CDATA[Atia, Abdulrauf]]>;
<![CDATA[Alatrish, Entisar]]>
<![CDATA[ LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v3i1.114
<![CDATA[Contemporary governance is increasingly challenged by conditions of fragility, instability, and institutional fragmentation. This article examines governance breakdown as a multidimensional phenomenon that extends beyond institutional failure, focusing on the interplay between authority, regulation, and social legitimacy in fragile contexts. Using a qualitative and conceptual approach grounded in interdisciplinary literature, the study explores how governance systems operate when state authority is fragmented, legal frameworks are pluralistic, and administrative practices are weakened. The findings reveal that governance breakdown is characterized by overlapping and competing sources of authority, disrupted regulatory coherence, contested social values, and ineffective administrative mechanisms. Rather than indicating the absence of governance, these conditions reflect a reconfiguration of governance processes under structural constraints. The study contributes to the literature by reconceptualizing governance breakdown as an analytical framework for understanding the limits of conventional governance models. It highlights that effective governance depends not only on formal legal structures but also on their alignment with social legitimacy and their implementation through functional administrative practices. The article further emphasizes the need for adaptive, context-sensitive governance approaches capable of addressing normative diversity and institutional complexity in fragile environments.]]>
<![CDATA[Algorithmic Colonialism: Artificial Intelligence and the New Structure of Global Power ]]>
<![CDATA[Gama Santos, Jose]]>;
<![CDATA[Utrera, Fiorella]]>
<![CDATA[ LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v3i1.115
<![CDATA[The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the contemporary structure of global power by shifting domination from territorial control toward computational and algorithmic control. This study examines the concept of algorithmic colonialism as a new form of global inequality operating through data extraction, digital infrastructures, and technological dependency. Using a qualitative and conceptual approach, the research analyzes the relationship between AI, surveillance capitalism, platform governance, and geopolitical competition within the framework of postcolonial theory and critical political economy. The findings demonstrate that AI technologies are not politically neutral but function as mechanisms of economic, political, and cultural domination. Multinational technology corporations and technologically advanced states increasingly control global data flows, communication infrastructures, and computational systems, thereby creating asymmetrical dependencies between technologically dominant and digitally dependent societies. The study also reveals that algorithmic systems contribute to surveillance practices, democratic fragmentation, epistemological inequality, and the concentration of technological power within a limited number of global actors. Furthermore, the geopolitical competition surrounding AI development intensifies global inequality by reinforcing technological dependency and limiting digital sovereignty in developing countries. This article argues that algorithmic colonialism represents a contemporary continuation of historical colonial logic operating through digital mechanisms rather than physical occupation. The novelty of this study lies in its interdisciplinary integration of postcolonial theory, digital political economy, and AI governance into a unified conceptual framework explaining how artificial intelligence restructures global political authority in the digital era. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that struggles over data ownership, technological sovereignty, and computational governance will become defining political challenges of the twenty-first century.]]>
<![CDATA[Between Order and Disorder: Legal Authority and Social Legitimacy in Transitional Governance ]]>
<![CDATA[Kwadzo Doe-Dartey, Richard]]>
<![CDATA[ LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v3i1.116
<![CDATA[This article examines the relationship between legal authority and social legitimacy in transitional governance. Transitional societies often experience institutional fragility in which constitutional legality alone is insufficient to maintain political stability and public trust. Using a qualitative normative approach, this study analyzes how governance authority is negotiated between formal state institutions and socially embedded actors within contexts of political transition, post-conflict reconstruction, and institutional uncertainty. The findings indicate that legal authority frequently weakens when disconnected from social legitimacy, while informal governance structures may gain stronger societal recognition despite lacking formal constitutional status. The study introduces the concept of “legitimacy-fluid governance,” referring to the dynamic shift of authority between formal and informal institutions depending on political performance, public trust, and social acceptance. The article argues that sustainable transitional governance requires balancing institutional legality with inclusive participation and socially grounded legitimacy. This study contributes to governance and socio-legal scholarship by offering an interdisciplinary framework for understanding governance between order and disorder in contemporary transitional societies.]]>
