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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)" : 8 Documents clear
BENTHIC DIATOMS IN THE PING RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES IN MAE TAENG DISTRICT, CHIANG MAI PROVINCE, THAILAND Pongpan Leelahakriengkrai; Tatporn Kunpradid
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5128.192 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.842

Abstract

Mae Teang District is home to many tributaries of the Ping River. Each tributary is associated with different geographical characteristics and uses. This study is the first report on benthic diatom diversity in the designated water bodies and the first comparison of benthic diatom distribution in the Ping River and its tributaries, including the Mae Hao and Mae Luang Streams in Mae Taeng District of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The benthic diatom distribution and physico-chemical properties were investigated in August and November 2015 at three locations in each water body. The highest abundance of benthic diatoms was found in the Ping River (143 species), followed by Mae Hao (132 species) and Mae Luang Streams (90 species). The most abundant species found in the Ping River were Planothidium lanceolatum, Nitzschia palea, Navicula cryptotenella and Seminavis strigosa. The most abundant species found in the Mae Hao Stream were Nitzschia palea, Seminavis strigosa, Surirella splendida and Sellaphora pupula. The most abundant species found in the Mae Luang Stream were Navicula cryptotenella, Diadesmis contenta, Karayevia oblongella and Achnanthes brevipes. Additionally, Amphipleura lindheimeri Grunow was identified as a newly recorded species for Thailand. This study revealed that the Ping River and Mae Hao Stream are similar bodies of water when compared with the Mae Luang Stream in terms of benthic diatom diversity and water quality. In addition, indicator species of tolerance and sensitivity to organic pollution were found. In conclusion, the areas of utilization were found to have affected the distribution of benthic diatoms in these water bodies, along with the water quality of the Ping River and its tributaries.
SOIL MICROBIAL POPULATION AND SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITY ON PT BUKIT ASAM VARIOUS RECLAIMED LAND SITES IN SOUTH SUMATRA Hengki Tornando; Firdaus Alam Hudi; Lilik Budi Prasetyo; Dwi Andreas Santosa
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (712.192 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.855

Abstract

Open mining activities result in decreased microbial biomass and negatively impacts soil fertility. Soil microbes play a role in the decomposition of soil organic matter and in nutrient cycles through the process of mineralization by the enzymes they produce. The purpose of this study was to analyse soil fertility levels in PT Bukit Asam’s various reclaimed land sites at Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia, as determined by these areas’ microbial populations and soil enzyme activity. The research was conducted by using the explorative method in PT Bukit Asam’s various reclaimed land. Soil sample from 7 different reclamation age area were analysed. Our results showed that soil conditions and soil enzyme activity vary by reclamation age. At KTU, a 12-year-old reclaimed land site, urease enzyme activity had a value of 68.83 mg NH4+.g-1dm.h-1 with a microbial population of 82.64 x 104 CFU.g-1soil. The highest phosphatase enzyme activity value of 95.66 mg pNP.g-1 dm.h-1 was found on the 9-year-old SP702 reclaimed land site, with a soil pH of 5.23. Cellulase enzyme activity on the 21-year-old Udongan reclaimed site had a value of 21.51 mg GE.g-1dm.h-1 with a cellulolytic microbial population of 1.9 x 104 CFU.g-1soil, higher than on other reclamation sites. Invertase enzyme activity on the 15-year-old Tupak reclaimed land site had a value of 24.37 mg GE.g-1dm.h-1. Soil enzyme activity can be an indicator of soil quality and soil microbial activity as it relates to all forms of biochemical transformations occurring in the soil and is highly sensitive to environmental changes.
THE EFFECTS OF RAINFALL ON Penaeus monodon Fabricius POPULATIONS IN THE SEGARA ANAKAN LAGOON, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA Rianta Pratiwi; Sukristiono Sukardjo
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (341.634 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.830

Abstract

Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL) is widely known as a traditional fishing ground for many aquatic organisms and is located in Central Java, in an area with high rainfall rates. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of rainfall on the distribution of Penaeus monodon Fabricius in SAL and/or mangrove waters and to explain the cause of yearly fluctuations in this area’s fish catch during a 13-year period from 1998 to 2011. The effects of rainfall on the local distribution and abundance of shrimp in SAL, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia, were examined using the Anco method for three periods, namely: first period (i.e., commercial catch production, 1998–2011), second period (December 2010–November 2011) and third period (December 2011–April 2012) as part of a shrimp fishery and eco-biology study in this region. The marked increase in rainfall from 557 mm during the East Monsoon (June–August) to 1,225 mm in the second transition season (September–November) and West Monsoon (December–February) in the Segara Anakan region enhanced the seasonal movement of shrimp into the Zone IV fishing ground and produced an initial increase in the abundance of adults (CL>25 mm) in the region from 312 to 2,630 individuals. This initial increase in adult abundance enhanced the shrimp’s reproductive potential, while heavy rainfall indirectly assisted the recruitment of young shrimp into the estuary, their growth, and survival, to increase shrimp abundance in the following year. Lower rainfalls from July to September) adversely affected shrimp population and usually resulted in smaller populations (312 individuals). Statistical analysis of the relationship between shrimp catch and annual rainfall showed a high level of significance at 1%.
MOLECULAR CLONING OF THE VITELLOGENIN GENE IN THE HARD-LIPPED BARB (Osteochillus hasseltii C.V) AND PHOTOPERIOD'S EFFECTS ON GENE EXPRESSION Norman Arie Prayogo; Asrul Sahri Siregar; Purnama Sukardi; Yasumasa Bessho
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (475.482 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.876

Abstract

Photoperiod affects fish reproduction as it regulates activities of the endocrine glands, which produce the hormones needed for geonadal growth and development, gametogenesis, and reproductive cycles. This study aimed to determine the effects of photoperiod on the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance by exposing the fish to three photoperiod treatments (light hour: L, darks hour: D), namely 14L:10D (control), 8L:16D (short photoperiod) and 18L:6D (long photoperiod), with four aquaria, each containing 9 fish, serving as replicates. The fish were kept under these photoperiods for 8 weeks. Liver activity, the observable variable in the study, was evaluated by measuring vitellogenin gene expression. Normalized data were then subjected to ANOVA, followed by Tukey's range test. The hard-lipped barb's vitellogenin cDNA was found have a 1136 bp sequence and the vitellogenin precursors encoded cDNA comprising 378 amino acids. The vitellogenin gene in each experimental group saw a significant increase on average when exposed to longer photoperiods (P<0.05), and the highest levels of vitellogenin gene expression occurred under long photoperiods (LP, 18 h light:6 h dark). These results indicate that longer photoperiods stimulate and improve the hard-lipped barb's reproductive performance.
MODELLING NATURAL MORTALITY OF TROPICAL PLANTATION SPECIES Acacia mangium Willd. Haruni Krisnawati
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (289.558 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.835

Abstract

Natural mortality of trees is extremely variable due to the uncertainty and complexity of the functioning of forest ecosystems. The objective of this study was to develop a stand-level mortality model for Acacia mangium species by relating mortality to stand variables that affect the natural mortality process. The model was developed using data from l97 permanent sample plots measured periodically at 1-yr time intervals from 2-4 years until 8-11 years after planting in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The model consists of two complementary equations. The first equation is a logistic function predicting the probability of mortality incidence depending on stand density, site index and stand age. The second equation estimates the reduction in the number of surviving stems observed in a stand where natural mortality occurs. Nine equations were fitted using data from permanent sample plots where trees died over the time period and the best model was selected. Estimates from this second model were then adjusted by a factor equal to the probability of mortality applying three different approaches: probabilistic two-step, deterministic threshold and stochastic. All methods revealed no significant difference between the observed and the predicted number of surviving stems per ha. The probabilistic two-step approach, however, produced more consistent and the most accurate estimates. This method should provide reliable prediction when it is to be used in forest productivity prediction and management system for the species.
FIRE SPOT IDENTIFICATION BASED ON HOTSPOT SEQUENTIAL PATTERN AND BURNED AREA CLASSIFICATION Imas Sukaesih Sitanggang; Nalar Istiqomah; Lailan Syaufina
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.676

Abstract

Indonesia has the world's largest tropical peatlands of about 14.9 million hectares that have important life support roles. However, fire frequently occurs in peatlands. According to experts and field forest fire fighters, fire hotspots that appear in a sequence of two to three days at the same location has a high potential of becoming a forest fire. This study aimed to determine the sequential patterns of hotspot occurrences, classify satellite image data and identify the fire spots. Fire spot identification was done using hotspot sequence patterns that were overlaid with burned area classification results. Sequential pattern mining using the Prefix Span algorithm was applied to identify sequences of hotspot occurrence. Maximum Likelihood method was applied to classify Landsat 7 satellite images toward identifying burned areas in Pulang Pisau and Palangkaraya in Central Kalimantan and Pontianak in West Kalimantan. Sequence patterns were overlaid with image classification results. The study results show that in Pulang Pisau, 26.19% of sequence patterns are located in burned areas and 72.62% sequence patterns were found in the buffer of burned area within a radius of one kilometer. As for Palangkaraya, there were 62.50% sequence patterns located in burned areas and 87.50% sequence patterns in the buffer of burned area with the radius of one kilometer. In total,  there were 72.62% and 87.50% fire hotspots recorded in Pisau and Palangkaraya, respectively which are strong indicators of peatland fires.
ENZYME ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO TOTAL K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu AND Zn IN THE OIL PALM RHIZOSPHERE OF RIAU’S PEATLANDS, INDONESIA Mimien Harianti; Atang Sutandi; Rasti Saraswati; Maswar Maswar; Supiandi Sabiham
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.862

Abstract

Enzyme activity can be used as a peat decomposition indicator in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Oil palm plantation management requires fertilization in the rhizosphere to provide nutrients for oil palm growth. The state of total nutrient in the rhizosphere can influence enzyme activity. This research aimed to study enzyme activity in relationship to nutrients in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Using the explorative method in Riau’s tropical peatlands, an oil palm plantation was chosen as a location for the main sites, and a degraded forest as well as a shrubland were chosen as comparison sites. In the oil palm plantation, peat samples were taken from peats adhering to oil palm roots at the peat depths of 0‒25 and 25‒50 cm and at distances of 0‒1, 1‒2, 2‒3, and 3‒4 m from the trees. In the degraded forest and shrub, t samples were taken from selected plant roots at the depths of 0-25 and 25-50 cm. The triplicate peat samples were then composited for an analysis of enzyme activity and total nutrient content. Results showed that enzyme (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase) activity in the oil palm rhizosphere decreased as the distance from trees and the depth of rhizosphere increased. The decline in enzyme activity was caused by a low peat pH and an increased water content as well as organic carbon content. Enzyme activity increased with increasing oil palm age and ash content. Total K and Zn contents showed no correlation with enzyme activities. However, total Ca and Mg contents showed positive correlation only with β-glucosidase activity. Total Fe and Cu contents showed significantly negative correlation with enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase). Enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of the degraded forest and shrubs were mostly lower than in the oil palm rhizosphere.
WATER POLLUTION LEVELS IN THE SUWUNG ESTUARY, BALI, BASED ON BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND Ni Luh Gede Rai Ayu Saraswati; I Wayan Arthana; I Gede Surya Risuana; I Gede Hendrawan
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 25 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2018.25.3.1001

Abstract

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is generally used for determining water pollution levels in bodies of water. Estuary is a semi-enclosed body of water that can be polluted via land areas or rivers. This study was conducted to determine the spatial distribution of water pollution levels in the Suwung Estuary in Bali based on BOD5 analyses conducted in January and February 2016. Samples were taken in 20 points (19 points in the Suwung Estuary and 1 outside the Suwung Estuary as control). BOD5 samples were then analysed in the laboratory. Our BOD5 analyses used the amperometric method based on the National Field Manual for the Collection of Data Water-Quality, Chapter A7. BOD5 samples were taken at all tide cycles, during low to high tide and high to low tide. BOD5 values ranged from 0.84 mg/L–9.47 mg/L during lowto high tide and 0.96 mg/L–8.75 mg/L during high to low tide. Results of the BOD5 analyses showed slight contamination in the Suwung Estuary during both tidal conditions. The BOD5 values’ spatial distribution showed higher values around cage aquacultures, rivers, the Suwung Landfill, and around the Benoa Harbour.

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