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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 14 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana" : 14 Documents clear

Composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC affects antibacterial activity of beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.)) leaves extract gel Fitra Alvionida; Nanik Sulistyani; Nining Sugihartini
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Indonesia is a country known for its source of biological wealth, one of which is beluntas leaves. Beluntas leaves have the potential to be an antibacterial, so it is appropriate to be formulated in the form of medicinal preparations, especially gels. This study aims to find out the influence of variations between carbopol gel base 940 and Methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl (HPMC) on the physical properties of gel preparations beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica (L.), and know the influence of gel of extract of beluntas leaves on antibacterial activity. The extract is obtained by the maceration method using ethanol solvent 96%. Each formula uses 15% of the extract of beluntas leaves. Gels are made in four gel base variations namely F0 (0.5% carbopol, 1% HPMC), FI (1% carbopol, 1.5% HPMC), FII (1.5% carbopol, 2.5% HPMC), and FIII (2% carbopol, 3% HPMC). Gels evaluated for their physical properties include organoleptic, viscosity, pH, homogeneity, scattering power, adhesion and Freeze-thaw cycling. Then the gel tested antibacterial activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by cup-plate diffusion method. The data obtained were analyzed with One Way Anova and LSD with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel meets the organoleptic requirements, homogeneity, good gel adhesion (> 4sec), good gel viscosity (2000-50.000 cps), and good gel pH (4.5-6.5). However, the gel does not meet the requirements of good scattering power (5-7 cm) and Freeze-thaw cycling. Based on the test results that have been done with some of the parameters above, The best composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC in the beluntas leaf extract gel which has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Â is 1% carbopol and 1.5% HPMC. The antibacterial activity of the formula is categorized as strong.

The effect of spray-drying temperature on Centella asiatica extract-Î² cyclodextrin-maltodextrin nanoparticle characteristics and stability Aditya Trias Pradana; Roisah Nawatila; Fawandi Fuad Alkindi; Ni Putu Resa Darmayani; Eka Desi Susanti
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Centella asiaticaÂ extract has low solubility in water. Material modification needs to be conducted to increase the dissolution rate of Centella asiaticaÂ extract. The particle size reduction to nano-size was carried out to increase surface contact with aqueous media. High surface contact was expected to increase the solubility and absorption rate. Nanoparticles were prepared with 34% maltodextrin and 6% Î²-cyclodextrin as a stabilizer and dried by a spray-drying method. High temperature in the spray drying process can affect the physical and chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, so the inlet temperature in this study was observed as parameter variations, on 140oC, 150oC, and 160oC. The formed nanoparticles then being tested on several parameters, including physical appearance, moisture content, particle size, shape, and morphology. The chemical stability of the active ingredients during the drying process was assessed from the pH value changes and the content of quercetin as an antioxidant post drying process, compared to the initial content. The test results show that the nanoparticles have been formed. The inlet temperature of 160oC produced the most physically optimum spherical nanoparticles, with a particle size of 191.533 Â± 18.791 nm and relatively homogeneous with a polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.113 Â± 0.057. However, temperatures that are too high indicate poor chemical stability. The poor chemical stability can be seen from the quercetin content that decreased significantly after the drying process, until the remaining 53.87 Â± 0.55% and 49.52 Â± 0.97% for temperatures of 140oC and 160oC, respectively. These results indicate that the combination of Î²-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin can not encapsulate and maintain the stability of the active ingredients during the spray drying process. A significant reduction of inlet temperature is needed to get dry nanoparticles with the most optimum physical mixture and chemical stability.

Identification SNP rs5219 KCNJ11 gene and blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Moewardi Hospital Surakarta Nur Aida; Rita Maliza; Imaniar Noor Faridah; Melinda Widianingrum; Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that developed due to the pancreas does not sufficient to produce insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Genetic factors have an essential role in the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT2), which impaired insulin production by pancreatic Î² cells, insulin resistance, and action. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the KCNJ11 rs5219 affected the pancreatic Î² cell activity that can inhibit insulin release, thus causing a decrease in therapeutic effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to identify the SNP rs5219 of the KCNJ11 gene and measure patient blood sugar levels as the outcome of therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively at Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, involving 10 patients with DMT2 who received sulfonylureas therapy. DNA was isolated from the whole blood sample of DMT2 patients. PCR amplification was performed to amplify the KCNJ11 gene, and followed by PCR sequencing. The 2-H PP, FPG, and HbA1c parameters were measured as therapeutic outcomes. The results showed that the genotype frequencies (AA-AG-GG) were 10%, 50%, and 40%, while the allele frequency (A-G) in the sample was 35% and 65%. The uncontrolled values for 2H-PP on genotype (AA and AG + GG) were 10% and 20%; uncontrolled FPG on genotypes AA and AG + GG were 10% and 40%; and uncontrolled HbA1c on genotype AA and AG + GG were 10% and 80%. This study conclusion is the presence of the SNP rs5219 KCNJ11 gene with A>G base change in DMT2 patients who received sulfonylurea therapy.

The effect of Raphanus sativus and Pachyrhizus erosus juice combination on the ethanol-induced gastric of mice Reza Pertiwi; Aanisah Hanuun; Noval Kurniawati; Petri Siti Khodijah; Dian Fita Lestari; Dyah Fitriani; Doni Notriawan
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Gastric ulcers can be caused by active inflammation due to impaired mucosal integrity, which causes local or widespread lesions. Gastric ulcers can occur due to the use of ethanol, which has a local effect on the gastric. Therefore, the continuous consumption of ethanol can damage gastric cells.Â Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ contain flavonoids, which are well-known to reduce stomach acid as a curative agent.Â The objective of this study is to see the effect ofÂ Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice as a preventive agent on alcohol-induced gastric ulcers in mice (Mus musculus). A combination of Raphanus sativus and Pachyrhizus erosus was given at a dose of 100, 300, and 600 mg/kgBW. Specifically, Raphanus sativus was given at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, Pachyrhizus erosus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, and positive control was included using sucralfate. The treatment was carried out for 12 days, and 1 hour after the last day of treatment, 20 ml/kgBW of ethanol induction was given 24 hours after the animals were dissected.Â The results showed that the index value of gastric ulcers in the normal group, negative control,Â and the combination of Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice given orally at a dose of 100, 300, and 600 mg/kgBW (Raphanus sativus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, Pachyrhizus erosus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, and sucralfate as positive control) were 0; 4.00; 1.00; 1.33; 2.33; 2.67; 0 and 2.00. The results of the histopathological analysis also showed improvement in the gastric of mice fed with Pachyrhizus erosus juice. Therefore, it is inferred that treatment using Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosus juice can reduce the number of ulcers, increase ratio protection, and repair the cells in gastric histopathology. Additionally, giving a single dose ofÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice results in a more significant gastric improvement.Â

Topical anti-inflammatory effect of Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) leaves extract Bernike Anatasya; Fathnur Sani K; Muhaimin Muhaimin
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) leaves are leaves that contain secondary metabolites which can be developed into medicine. Ekor Naga leaves have secondary metabolite compounds of flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoid saponins, steroids, tannins, and phenols. This metabolite compound is the basis for testing the anti-inflammatory effect of Ekor Naga leaves extract using topical methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract of Ekor Naga leaves by a topical method. This study used five treatment groups with five mice in each treatment. This research tested the anti-inflammatory activity of Ekor Naga leaves extract by using the combination of 2 methods; namely the method of forming airbags and the formation of artificial edema using the induction of 2% carrageenan solution with the observation parameters being the measurement of exudate volume and differentiation of the number of leukocyte cells observed under a microscope. The results showed that the Ekor Naga leaves extract had an anti-inflammatory effect. The best inflammatory effect is a concentration of 10%, followed by a concentration of 5% and 2.5%.

Formulations of liposomal vaccine containing AdhO36 antigen and Î²-glucan as immunoadjuvant Hidajah Rachmawati; Raditya Weka Nugraheni; Firasti Agung Nugrahening Sumadi; Helmy Yusuf
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Humans are the most crucial host of Salmonella Typhi as it has limited ability to reproduce outside the human body. Salmonella Typhi infections caused Typhoid fever which can be prevented with vaccines. This study aims to develop an effective typhoid fever oral vaccine using a liposomal delivery system. Â Several studies showed that the immunization of AdhO36 protein from Salmonella Typhi orally provides significant protection in inhibiting the Salmonella Typhi to the mice intestine. Î²-Glucan is a potent immunostimulant for macrophages activations. Meanwhile, the method used to produce Liposome formulations was using thin-film hydration. The liposomal products had good characteristics based on their particle size. The particle size results met the requirement for optimum intestinal absorption 399.220+28.095 nm Liposome+AdhO36 and 383.360+8.594 nm Liposome+Î²-glucan. Based on the zeta potential measurement, the electrical charges of the three formulations were positive, meaning that the liposome is cationic because of the DDAB (Dimethyl Dioctadecyl Ammonium Bromide) component. The positive charge will facilitate the internalization of antigen to the immunity cells.

Incision wound healing activity of free-range chicken (Gallus domesticus) egg white gel in mice Wahyu Widyaningsih; Sapto Yuliani; Ayu Wulandari; Rifka Salsabila
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Egg whites reportedly exhibit wound healing activities by forming new cell tissues and accelerating damaged cell tissue recovery. This study aimed to determine whether and how egg whites prepared in gel dosage forms healed incision wounds in mice (Mus musculus). The method began with formulating gels by mixing egg whites with Carbopol 940, methylparaben, propylparaben, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, and distilled water. Sixteen mice were divided evenly into four groups, and each was subjected to a 1 cm long midline dorsal incision. Group I was given 10% povidone-iodine ointment, group II was gel base, group III was 10% egg white gel, and group IV was 20% egg white gel. Based on the test parameters measured during macroscopic observation, namely wound length and healing time, the gel preparations were found to fulfill the physical properties requirements, and incision wounds treated with 10% and 20% egg white gels healed in 9 and 12.5 days, respectively. The statistical test revealed a significant difference in wound size on Day 10 and in healing time between wound treatments with 10% gel and base gel (p < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the 10% egg white gel is effective in healing cuts in mice as it speeds wound healing and decreases wound size.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of antiemetics therapy in breast cancer patients with moderate emetogenic chemotherapy in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Indonesia Ida Dzikriyani; Didik Setiawan
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) significantly reduce the life quality of cancer patients. A 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, corticosteroid, and H2-blocker have been used to control moderate nausea and vomit in cancer patients. The exploration of the cost-effectiveness of several antiemetic combinations in breast cancer patients in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekardjo Hospital, Purwokerto, Indonesia was the aim of this research. Seventy-four Breast cancer patients who have prescribed moderate-emetogenic chemotherapy during the year 2017-1019 were included in this research. There were fifteen patients treated with the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone (OD). Fourteen patients were treated with the combination of ondansetron and ranitidine (OR). Thirty-five patients were treated using ondansetron, dexamethasone, and ranitidine (ODR) combination. The effectiveness was represented by the absence of acute nausea and vomiting after receiving chemotherapy. The ODR combinations showed the highest effectivity on diminishing nausea and vomiting among breast cancer patients (0.400), followed by the OD combination (0.267) and the OR combination (0.214). However, the ODR combination generates the highest cost (4.6 million rupiahs) compared to other antiemetics combinations. Compared to the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone, the combination of ODR provides higher ICER (ICER of 13 Million Rupiahs per case prevented) than the combination of OR (ICER of 8.5 million Rupiahs per case prevented). In conclusion, the combination of ondansetron, dexamethasone, and ranitidine generates the highest cost. It also provides the highest effectiveness in preventing nausea and vomiting.

The effectiveness and cost of lansoprazole and pantoprazole for stress ulcer prophylaxis in intensive care unit Mega Octavia; Zullies Ikawati; Tri Murti Andayani
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The incidence of bleeding is increased in high risk patients with critical conditions in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Appropriate prophylaxis medicine is necessary to reduce the incidence of stress ulcer bleeding during hospitalization in ICU which further can minimize the cost of patient care in the ICU. Currently, lansoprazole and pantoprazole are used as a stress ulcers prophylaxis. Nevertheless, there has not been sufficient evidence proving their effectiveness. This study was aimed to compare the effectiveness and cost between iv lansoprazole and iv pantoprazole as a stress ulcer prophylaxis in ICU. In this retrospective observational study, the data were obtained from medical records of all patients admitted to ICU in a District Hospital in Yogyakarta from January 2014 until December 2016. Effectiveness of therapy were obtained from objective data in the medical record by looking at the incidence of major (clinically signiï¬cant) and minor (overt gastrointestinal) bleeding. Chi-square analysis was performed to analyze the difference of bleeding incidence. The average cost was presented as Expected Monetary Value (EMV), which consisted of the cost of prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding. The difference in average cost was analyzed using independent t-test. A total of 119 patients were included in this study. There were 62 patients in the lansoprazole group and 47 patients in the pantoprazole group. Forty eight patients (77,4%) from lansoprazole group and 35 patients (61,4%) from pantoprazole group did not experience any GI bleeding. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of GI bleeding between the two groups (CI 95%, P-value = 0.057). The EMV of lansoprazole group was higher than pantoprazole group IDR 645.122,57 and IDR 511.629,39 respectively. In conclusion, there was no significant difference regarding the effectiveness between iv lansoprazole and iv pantoprazole as stress ulcer prophylaxis. Costs for the prophylaxis of stress ulcers is lower on the use of pantoprazole compared to lansoprazole.

Accelerated stability test of snakehead fish and kelulut honey ointment with CMC-Na as a binder Wintari Taurina; Mohamad Andrie; Nur Firdiena Titian Ratu
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The extract of snakehead fish (Channa striata) and kelulut honey (Heterotrigona itama) ointment was proven to have activity in wound healing. However, previous studies showed instability in the ointment as indicated by the occurrence of phase separation. This study used CMC-Na (Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium) with a concentration of 3% (F1), 4.5% (F2), and 6% (F3) as a binder. The stabilizer was added to increase the stability of the ointment preparation by binding to the aqueous phase and preventing it from leaving the ointment base. The test was carried out with the accelerated stability method at a temperature of 40Â° Â± 2Â° C and a humidity of 75% Â± 5% for 28 days. The evaluation includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection power. The results showed that CMC-Na increased the stability of the ointment. The data obtained show that the higher the CMC-Na concentration used, the higher the consistency and adhesion were, but the lower the spreadability of the preparation. The results of the average spreadability and adhesion power for formulation 1 were 5.09 cm and 1797.33 seconds, formulation 2 were 4.42 cm and 1798.33 seconds, and formulation 3 were 3.69 cm and 1799 seconds. The results of the One-Way ANOVA showed that all formulations experienced a significant decrease in adhesion and increase in spreadability during 28 days of storage. The best ointment that meets the physical stability criteria is shown by the CMC-Na 3% (F1) formulation, with a soft texture, homogeneous, a good spreadability (5-7 cm), a good adhesion (more than 4 seconds), and a good protective power for 28 days of testing.

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Muhammad Syahrir

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Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

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Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

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Journal Mail Official nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA