cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
-
Contact Email
-
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
-
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota semarang,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 23030623     EISSN : 24072370     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology
This journal presents articles and information on research, development and applications in biomass conversion processes (thermo-chemical conversion; physico-chemical conversion and bio-chemical conversion) and equipment to produce fuels, power, heat, and value-added chemicals from biomass. A biorefinery takes advantage of the various components in biomass and their intermediates therefore maximizing the value derived from the biomass feedstock. A biorefinery could, for example, produce one or several low-volume, but high-value, chemical or nutraceutical products and a low-value, but high-volume liquid transportation fuel such as biodiesel or bioethanol (see also alcohol fuel). The high-value products increase profitability, the high-volume fuel helps meet energy needs, and the power production helps to lower energy costs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from traditional power plant facilities. Future biorefineries may play a major role in producing chemicals and materials that are traditionally produced from petroleum.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 30 Documents
 1   2   3 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]" : 30 Documents clear
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE EDIBLE FILM BASED ON LOW PECTIN METHOXYL WITH GLYCEROL AND SORBITOL PLASTICIZERS Darni, Yuli; Utami, Herti; Septiana, Rina; Fitriana, Rizka Aidila
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.9707

Abstract

This study aims to compare the characteristics of mechanical and water vapor permeability of edible film based on low pectin methoxyl from cocoa skin with glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizer. In the research also added CaCO3 filler with the weight variation of 0; 0.2; and 0.4 gr. Pectin from cocoa peel was isolated by extraction use ammonium oxalic at a temperature of 85oC, pH of 3.6 for 60 minutes. An edible film synthesized at a temperature of 85oC to the agitation time of 50 minutes. 200 mesh of pectin used with the variation of glycerol and sorbitol plasticizer concentration are 1, 2 and 3% in volume. Edible films produced were dried at a temperature of 55oC for 6 hours. The results of the study obtained in 0.2 gr CaCO3 concentration and 1% glycerol of edible films has a tensile strength of 0.3267 mpa, percent elongation of 12.84%, modulus young of 2.5441 mpa, and the water vapor permeability of 4.1676 g/m2.day. While in 0.4 gr CaCO3 concentration and 1% sorbitol of edible films has a tensile strength of 6.511 mpa, percent elongation of 2.419%, modulus young of 269.119 mpa, and the water vapor permeability of 5.583 g/m2.day. Based on percent elongation characteristics, glycerol plasticizer made higher elasticity than sorbitol plasticizer. While the addition of filler able to increase tensile strength two times larger than without filler.
COMPARISON OF KINETIC MODELS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM RICE STRAW Shitophyta, Lukhi Mulia; Maryudi, Maryudi; Budiyono, Budiyono
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.9325

Abstract

The rising of global energy demand has led to an energy crisis, especially fossil energy. The development of renewable energies is needed to overcome the energy crisis. Biogas is one of renewable energies (biofuels) which is developed to minimize the dependency on fossil fuels. Biogas can be derived from agricultural wastes such as rice straw. The aim of this research was to compare the kinetic models of biogas production form rice straw using the linear and exponential equations models. This research was conducted at the total solid (TS) content of 20%, 22% and 24%. The result showed that the exponential equation had a better correlation than the linear equation on the ascending period of biogas production, while linear equation was better than exponential equation during descending period.
EFFECTS OF SOLID VINASSE-BASED ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON SOME GROWTH INDICES OF TOMATO PLANT Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Oktafiani, Oktafiani; Hartanto, Dhoni; Handayani, Prima Astuti
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.12507

Abstract

Vinasse, which is commonly referred to as stillage, is a aqueous by-product of bioethanol processing. This side-product is yielded in a very large quantity in bioethanol industry since the production of 1 L of ethanol will generate 13 L of vinasse. Hence it is become a problem of bioethanol industry since vinasse waste doesn’t have economic value and it is harmful to the environment. This industrial waste has high COD and BOD, high acidity, and high temperature when it is discharged from the bottom of distillation unit. To overwhelmed this drawbacks, it is crucial to attempt reduction of the negative characteristic of vinasse as well as creation of added value of vinasse. In fact, vinasse contains a considerable amount of potassium and organic matter which is beneficial for plant growth and improving the soil fertility. Thus, in this work, vinasse was utilized as raw material for organic fertilizer. Vinasse waste was formulated with other sugarcane industrial waste (filter cake and boiler ash), and NPK fertilizer in various composition to yield solid Organo-Mineral Fertilizer (OMF). Among all the composition of OMF, It was demonstrated that vinasse formulated with 3, 6, and 9% of NPK fulfilled the Indonesian National Standar (SNI) of solid fertilizer. Thus these types of OMF were used to fertilize tomato plant. The effects of vinasse-based OMF on some growth indices of tomato plant were examined. It was revealed that vinasse fertilizer formulated with 9% of NPK exhibited the best impact to the tomato plant growth.
CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMINERALIZED GELATIN FROM LIZARDFISH (Saurida spp.) SCALES USING NaOH-NaCl SOLUTION Wardhani, Dyah H; Rahmawati, Esti; Arifin, Ghozi Tsany; Cahyono, Heri
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.9621

Abstract

Demineralization is required to reduce the ash content of gelatin. Previous studies have confirmed the high quality of gelatin was produced after demineralized using combination of NaCl and aqueous NaOH. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NaCl on the properties of gelatin from Lizardfish (Saurida spp.) scales. The cleaned scales was demineralized using a mixture of NaOH 0.5% and NaCl (0- 0.8%), at various temperatures (45, 65, 86oC) and time (30, 60, 90 and 150 minutes). The obtained samples was determined by ash content, pH, the lightness and moisture content. Addition of NaCl reduced the ash, pH and moisture content but increased the whiteness. Gelatin physical properties increased inline with NaCl concentration. Extended demineralized period gave a positive effect on ash, pH and moisture content but opposite effect was observed in the lightness and physical properties. Extended demineralization periods in high temperature reduced gelatin quality. The highest gel strength was found at demineralization for 150 min at 65oC using a combination of NaOH 0.5% and NaCl 0.8%. At this condition, the gelatin has 10%, 1,7%, 248 bloom, and 7,1 cP of moisture content, ash, gel strength and viscosity, respectively, which fulfil SNI 06.3735.1995.
BIODEGRADATION OF CHRYSENE BY CONSORTIUM OF BACILLUS CEREUS AND PSEUDOMONAS PUTIDA IN PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED-SOIL ON SLURRY-PHASE BIOREACTOR Tuhuloula, Abubakar; Altway, Ali; Juliastuti, Sri Rachmania; Suprapto, Suprapto
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.11404

Abstract

Pollution by chrysene compounds in the polluted soil of petroleum, due to exploration activities, production and disposal of petroleum waste into the environment causing serious damage to the ecosystem environment, became the target of processing with bacteria as a model of remediation of pollution sites. Thus, the study focused on the use of a bacterial consortium to degrade chrysene in petroleum-contaminated soil. The study was conducted by mixing 20:80 (% wt) of contaminated soil with water. The consortium of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas putida 10%(v/v) and 15%(v/v) bacteria with ratios; 2:3; 1:1; 3:2 is inserted into the slurry bioreactor. Biodegradation process is run with agitation of 100 rpm and temperature 26<sup>o</sup>C – 30<sup>o</sup>C and in aeration. Identification of chrysene using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) and bacterial populations with haemycitometer. The initial concentration of chrysene is 24.48 ng/μL. After 49 days remediation period for a 10% (v/v) reduced chrysene bacteria consortium and bacterial populations were 8.68 ng/μL; 7.56 ng/μL; and 8.07 ng/μL; with biodegradation rate is 67.01%; 69.10%; And 64.54%. As for the 15% (v/v) bacteria consortium with the same ratio, chrysene was degraded to 2.60 ng/μL; 1.57 ng/μL; and 2.02 ng/μL and the measured chrysene biodegradation rate was 89.39%; 93.58%; And 91.73%. These findings suggest that the percentage of low crude oil is degraded because of the increasing concentration of crude oil.
THE SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE FROM BIODIESEL BY PRODUCT GLYCEROL AND UREA OVER AMBERLYST 15
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.8904

Abstract

The growing utilization of biodiesel as a renewable fuel has generated a large surplus of glycerol as a major byproduct. The prices of glycerol continue to drop in such an oversaturated market. Therefore, new uses are being developed for glycerol to produce value-added chemicals. Among those chemicals, glycerol carbonate has many application in various fields. Glycerol carbonate is mostly used as a solvent in cosmetic and pharmacheutical industries due to its low toxicity, high boiling point, and low vapor pressure. The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea using Amberlyst15 as a catalyst was being conducted in this study. The reaction was carried out using a batch reactor for 5 hours with the condition of the reaction temperature was around 120oC, mole ratios of reactant of urea:glycerol were 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.2:1 , catalyst concentrations were 2%, 2,5%, 3%, and 4%, and mixing speeds were 370 rpm, 525 rpm, and 700 rpm.  It is found that the optimum conversion of glycerol was obtained at 120oC with 5 hours of reaction using an equimolar amount of glycerol and urea with catalyst load of 3%. Mixing speed did not affect glycerol conversion. Amberlyst15 as catalyst was also stable enough to be reused at least for three times.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 4-OUTLETS SPRAY AERATOR FOR PROCESSING OF INDIGOFERA LEAVES (Indigofera Tinctoria Linn) BECOMES NATURAL DYE SUBSTANCES
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.8045

Abstract

The commonly known natural dye substance processing for traditional clothes, such as batik and tenun (woven cloth) is fermentation. The fermentation process can specifically be continued with extraction to produce indigo paste. The process can be done mechanically, i.e. by stirring process, and chemically. In order to accelerate the production, manual process of aeration can be substituted with jet-spray aerator. The aerator prototype which has been developed is acrylic aerator tube with diameter of 240 mm and thickness of 5 mm. The tube was made 1 m long to provide with a sufficient space for indigo foam. Its bottom part is completed with spiral air hose having five small holes of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mm diameter uniformly located along the height of solution in the tube. The aerator was designed for the 10 litters of fermentation solution of 1 kilogram indigofera leaves. Based on the mass of indigo paste produced, the optimum working condition of the aerator is achieved on 3.8 m/sec air velocity and supply pressure of 2 bar with duration of 60 minutes. The aeration test indicated operational characteristic was quite good, i.e. Oxygen Transfer Rate (OTR) of 3.6 kg/hour, Aeration Efficiency (AE) of 4.8 kg/kWh and factual Oxygen Transfer Efficiency (OTE) of 44%.
GLYPTAL SYNTHESIS FROM GLYCEROL AND PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE USING ACTIVATED ZEOLITE AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND ITS COMPARISON TO HOMOGENEOUS p-TOLUENESULFONIC ACID CATALYST
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.12065

Abstract

The abundance of glycerol as the side product of biodiesel has motivated researches on glycerol utilization as a feedstock for more valuable products. This research presents the possibility of producing polyester (glyptal), which is a widely used coating material, from glycerol by esterification using phthalic anhydride. Esterification reaction of phthalic anhydride and glycerol to produce glyptal can be catalyzed by Lewis acid provided by either homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. This study compared the performance of activated zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst in the esterification of glycerol and phthalic anhydride with the performance of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) as homogeneous catalyst. The reactions were carried out in laboratory scale batch reactor. The kinetics was modeled using Step Growth Polymerization Model. The rate constant obtained from experimental data fitting on the model was correlated with temperature by Arrhenius equation. Both activated zeolite and PTSA exhibited Arrhenius behavior. Based on the comparison of the Arrhenius constants of the reaction catalyzed by each of the two different catalysts, PTSA performed better in term of lower activation energy. Nevertheless, this result did not suggest that activated zeolite was failed. The activated zeolite was successful to make the reaction happen. To reach the same performance as the homogeneous PTSA, the activated zeolite needs to be improved with respect to its cation exchange capacity and also the operational consideration such as the amount of zeolite added per volume of reaction and the intensity of mixing to minimize the diffusion resistance surrounding the zeolite particles.
EXTRACT OF COCOR BEBEK (KALANCHOE PINNATA) AS A CORROSION INHIBITOR
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.7949

Abstract

In this study, Cocor Bebek leaves (Kalanchoe pinnata) extract is studied for metal corrosion inhibitor. 10.3 kg of K. Pinnata leaves produce concentrated extract of methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate as much as 65.7442, 36.1452, and 15.2711 g respectively. The concentrated extracts were then used to determine the rate of corrosion. Corrosion rate test showed that extract of ethyl acetate can reduce corrosion rate of carbon steel in NaCl 3.5% from 2.954 mpy to 0.963 and 0.923 mpy using 500 ppm and 1000 ppm of extract consecutively. Corrosion rate of Cocor Bebek extract at addition of 500 ppm ethyl acetate in the solution of NaCl 3.5% is decreasing immediately. It was found that the carbon steel corrosion rate decrease as much 4.857 for 6 hours and continuously shows sharp decline until 24 hours of corrosion time. Corrosion rate is slowly decreasing till reach 1.694 mpy at corrosion time of 168 hours.
THE PERFORMANCE OF EXTRACTION EQUIPMENT MODIFICATION TOWARD SIZE PARTICLE OF TUBER AND YIELD OF INULIN OF DAHLIA FLOWER TUBER
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.9451

Abstract

Isolation of inulin from starch generally is done by extraction method. The size of the material to be extracted will affect the extraction process performance. In laboratory scale, the size reduction was done with a knife and the separation of starch from tubers was done by juicer. Temperature fluctuations during the extraction process would affect the yield of inulin, hence juicers and waterbath were found ineffective for larger scale. This research was aimed to design an extractor equipped with agitator blades for size reduction and a temperature controller. Extractor performance was investigated by evaluating agitation time (60-150 minutes), distance between agitator blades on the shaft (5 and 7 cm), number of the agitators, (1, 2, and 3 blades) against the fineness of cut material, starch and inulin content.  The results showed that the highest fineness of the samples was achieved at a distance of agitator blade of 7 cm, with 3 agitator blades and agitating time of 150 minutes. The highest yield of starch was 11.7% at size reduction time of 120 and 150 minutes using 3-blades agitator and the distance of 7 cm. The content of crude inulin obtained were by using the extractor was 2.206% and 2.213% by using the water bath. The difference of inulin content was 0.007% so it suggests that the extractor designed in this study can be used on inulin production in larger scale. The efficiency of the extractor was 85%.

Page 2 of 3 | Total Record : 30

 1   2   3 

Filter by Year

2017 2017


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol 13, No 1 (2024): June 2024 [Nationally Accredited Sinta 2] Vol 12, No 2 (2023): December 2023 [Nationally Accredited Sinta 2] Vol 12, No 1 (2023): June 2023 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 11, No 2 (2022): December 2022 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 11, No 1 (2022): June 2022 [Nationally Accredited - SINTA 2] Vol 10, No 2 (2021): December 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 10, No 1 (2021): June 2021 [Nationally Accredited - SINTA 2] Vol 9, No 2 (2020): December 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 9, No 1 (2020): June 2020 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 8, No 2 (2019): December 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 8, No 1 (2019): June 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 7, No 1 (2018): June 2018 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 6, No 1 (2017): June 2017 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 6, No 1 (2017): June 2017 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 5, No 2 (2016): December 2016 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 5, No 2 (2016): December 2016 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 5, No 1 (2016): June 2016 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 5, No 1 (2016): June 2016 [Nationally Accredited] Vol 4, No 2 (2015): December 2015 Vol 4, No 2 (2015): December 2015 Vol 4, No 1 (2015): June 2015 Vol 4, No 1 (2015): June 2015 Vol 3, No 2 (2014): December 2014 Vol 3, No 2 (2014): December 2014 Vol 3, No 1 (2014): June 2014 Vol 3, No 1 (2014): June 2014 Vol 2, No 2 (2013): December 2013 Vol 2, No 2 (2013): December 2013 Vol 2, No 1 (2013): June 2013 Vol 2, No 1 (2013): June 2013 Vol 1, No 2 (2012): December 2012 Vol 1, No 2 (2012): December 2012 Vol 1, No 1 (2012): June 2012 Vol 1, No 1 (2012): June 2012 More Issue