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Semesta Teknika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1411061X     EISSN : 25025481     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/st
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a reputable refereed journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in engineering. SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a forum for publishing high quality papers and references in engineering science and technology. The Journal is published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, INDONESIA. Copyright is by the publisher and the authors. The Journal is issued in electronic form and also issued in printed form as annual volume for the contributors only. The journal contains original research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors. The topics of interest include modeling, experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the mechanical, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of material, developing the prototype/instrument, technology and construction process. Topic of management in industry and civil construction is also considered. SEMESTA TEKNIKA receives manuscripts from the contributor written in the Indonesian and English. Manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication must not have been previously published or is under consideration simultaneously by any other publication. Manuscripts submitted to SEMESTA TEKNIKA will be reviewed Peer Reviewers local and foreign.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019" : 18 Documents clear
Analisis Panjang Runway untuk Pendaratan dan Take-off Pesawat Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300 Dian M Setiawan; Noor Mahmudah; Edo Laksmana Putra
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221233

Abstract

AbstrakOtoritas Bandara Radin Inten II merenovasi bandara mulai dari memperpanjang landasan pacu serta memperluas apron dan bangunan terminalnya. Landasan pacu diperpanjang dari sebelumnya 2.500 m menjadi 3.000 m. Pengembangan ini dilakukan karena Bandara Radin Inten II dipilih menjadi embarkasi haji penuh dan juga karena adanya potensi peningkatan aktivitas bandara setiap tahunnya. Bandara juga harus mampu mengakomodasi pesawat Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300 untuk meningkatkan kapasitas penumpang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi kondisi yang ada dari Bandara Radin Inten II dan menganalisis apakah landasan pacu di Bandara Radin Inten II dapat mengakomodasi Airbus A330-200 dan A330-300. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kegiatan penumpang dan kargo. Selanjutnya, Bandara Radin Inten II dapat melayani jenis pesawat Airbus A330-200 dengan panjang landasan pacu yang dibutuhkan 2.753 m untuk pesawat tersebut, sedangkan pesawat A330-300 tidak dapat dilayani karena pesawat ini membutuhkan panjang landasan 3100 m untuk lepas landas dan mendarat dengan aman.AbstractThe 2nd Radin Inten Airport authorities renovate its airport starting from extending the runway as well as expanding the apron and its terminal building. The runway was extended from previously 2,500 m to 3,000 m. The development was due to the 2nd Radin Inten Airport was chosen to become a full hajj embarkation and also due to a potential increase in airport activity every year. The airport also must be able to accommodate the Airbus A330-200 and A330-300 aircraft to increase passenger capacity. The study was conducted by evaluate the existing conditions of the 2nd Radin Inten Airport and analyse whether the runway at the 2nd Radin Inten Airport can accomodate the Airbus A330-200 and A330-300. The results of the analysis showed that there were significant increases in the passenger and cargo activities. Furthermore, 2nd Radin Inten Airport can serve Airbus A330-200 aircraft types with the required runway length of 2,753 m for such aircraft, while the A330 aircraft -300 unable to be served because this aircraft requires 3,100 m runway length in order to take-off and landing safely.
Recommendation of Knockdown Building Design at Yogyakarta Sand Dunes (Restricted and Heritage Areas) Adwitya Bhaskara; Fitri Nugraheni; N. Faried Hanafi
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221239

Abstract

Sand dunes located in Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia is a restricted caused by the heritage and there only four spread in hemisphere one of them in Yogyakara, Indonesia. To build in sand dunes area building could not be built arbitrarily. Portable and knockdown is the character of the building that could be adjust to the conditions in Sand dunes. By the observation results compact building design with cold formed steel material for the main building material is the recommendation of this case. The design is then consulted with sub-contractors who are expert in their expertise as the validation stage, it is feasible to be transformed into a real building for the specific needs. Output of this research is recommendation of portable building model in modular form, where the design recommendation has been adjusted with building requirement in heritage and restricted area, which is also an area prone to tsunamis and wind disasters, therefore the recommended building are; easy to remove, easy to disassemble (knockdown), forward tsunami load, efficient cost and time (using cold formed steel material and prefabricated GRC), eco friendly (zero waste), does not require many workers (less man power).
Analisis Sambungan Antara Balok Iwf dengan Kolom Baja Akibat Beban Siklik Eko Riyanto
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221236

Abstract

AbstrakPenggunaan tabung baja dengan isian beton dapat meningkatkan kekuatan gaya aksial pada kolom. Selain itu, tabung baja berfungsi juga sebagai bekisting untuk inti beton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku histeristis, kekuatan, kekakuan serta pola keruntuhan pada sambungan dalam menahan beban siklik. Dalam penelitian ini, dibuat dua buah benda uji yaitu benda uji sambungan menerus balok-kolom tabung baja dengan isian beton dan benda uji sambungan menerus balok-kolom tabung baja tanpa adanya isian beton. Sambungan sayap pada profil IWF yang menghubungkan kolom dan balok dibuat menembus kolom tabung baja dan dilas pada permukaan kolom. Benda uji dibebani dengan siklus beban yang mengacu pada ACI 374.1-05. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan benda uji dengan sambungan balok-kolom tabung baja isian beton memiliki histeresis lebih besar dari kolom tabung baja tanpa isian  beton. Benda uji memiliki kegagalan  tipe daktilitas parsial jika sebagai kriteria untuk memenuhi strong column weak beam. AbstractThe use of steel tube columns has several advantages including: steel tubes also function as formwork for concrete cores, with the presence of concrete fillers in steel tubes, the compressive strength of steel tubes against axial forces will also increase. In addition the steel tube serves to prevent cracks in the concrete, and the composite column greatly increases stiffness and significant strength compared to the construction of steel frames and ordinary reinforced concrete. The connection between beams and steel tube columns must have sufficient strength to withstand earthquake loads. This study aims to determine the ability of beam joints with columns and to know the strength, as well as the pattern of joint collapse in resisting cyclic loads. In this study, a continuous steel beam column column test specimen was made with concrete fillings and continuous test specimens of steel tube columns without concrete filling. The wing joint on the IWF profile that connects columns and beams is made through steel tube columns and welded to the column surface. The test object is loaded with the load cycle referred to in ACI 374.1-05. The test results showed that the steel tube column-beam joint test object with concrete filling had a hysteresis loops larger than steel tube columns without concrete filling. The test object has a partial ductileity type failure as a criterion of strong colun weak beam.
Deteksi Kavitasi Pada Pompa Sentrifugal Menggunakan Spektrum Getaran dan Spektrum Envelope Berli P. Kamiel; Deby Arikh Nafsaka; Bambang Riyanta; Azhim Asyratul
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221231

Abstract

AbstrakKavitasi adalah salah satu indikator penting kondisi operasi sebuah pompa sentrifugal. Fenomena kavitasi ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya formasi gelembung udara yang kemudian pecah secara tiba-tiba akibat perubahan tekanan pada sisi hisap pompa. Kavitasi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang parah komponen pompa terutama bagian sudu atau impeller. Kavitasi biasanya dapat diidentifikasi melalui suara bising dan timbulnya getaran yang berlebihan. Sebuah metode deteksi kavitasi dibutuhkan agar potensi kerusakan lebih lanjut pada pompa sentrifugal dapat diantisipasi secepatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan sebuah metode deteksi kavitasi menggunakan spektrum getaran dan spektrum envelope pada bentang frekwensi rendah 0-4 kHz dan bentang frekwensi tinggi 4-8,5 kHz. Sinyal getaran pompa direkam menggunakan sebuah akselerometer yang diletakkan pada rumah volute pompa arah aksial. Sinyal getaran kemudian ditransformasikan kedalam spektrum dan spektrum envelope menggunakan  Fast Fourier Transform. Spektrum dan spektrum envelope untuk masing-masing bentang frekwensi dibandingkan antara pompa kondisi normal dan kondisi tiga level kavitasi kavitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spektrum frekwensi rendah dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kavitasi level 3 yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan amplitudo frekwensi poros sebesar 47,6 Hz dan ½ BPF sebesar 149,6 Hz. Sedangkan kavitasi level 1 dapat dideteksi oleh spektrum envelope pada bentang frekwensi tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan pula bahwa penurunan ampitudo teramati secara umum pada domain waktu seiring dengan meningkatnya level kavitasi. AbstractCavitation is an important indication of operation condition for a centrifugal pump. An indication of the appearance of cavitation is the formation of bubbles which collapse suddenly when the pressure changed on the suction side of the pump. The formation of cavitation bubbles can cause fault to the inner pump components. The fault that often results from cavitation phenomenon is affected in the impeller. This fault is usully identified through noise and vibration generated. Therefore, a method is needed to detect early cavitation phenomenon at the centrifugal pump. This study aims to develop cavitation detection methods using the vibration spectrum and envelope spectrum of low frequency band of 0-4 kHz and high frequency band of 4 kHz-8,5 kHz. In this study, cavitation detection in conducted by recording vibration signals that occur at centrifugal pump using an accelerometer. The data obtained is then transformed into the frequency domain and envelope spectrum using Fast Fourier Transform. The results were compared between normal condition and level 1, 2, and 3 cavitation. Comparisons were made on each vibration spectrum and envelope spectrum at the low frequency and high frequency bands. The result of this study showed that the vibration spectrum with low frequency band can detect the formation of level 3 cavitation with an increase in shaft frequency amplitude (47,26 Hz) and ½ BPF (149,6 Hz). Whereas early cavitation or level 1 cavitation was identified through the envelope spectrum at high frequency band. It also showed that a decrease in amplitude occured gradually in the time domain along with increasing level of cavitation.
Analisis Kapasitas Apron dan Ruang Tunggu Keberangkatan Penumpang Pesawat pada New Yogyakarta International Airport Setiawan, Danny
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221234

Abstract

AbstrakDalam mengantisipasi terjadinya keterbatasan lahan dan kapasitas penumpang seperti pada Bandar Udara Adisutjipto, maka perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan luas lahan ditahun yang akan datang, terutama aktivitas penerbangan di apron (sisi udara) dan ruang tunggu keberangkatan penumpang bandara (sisi darat) pada New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) dan metode forecasting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas apron yang direncanakan pada tahun 2046 dapat mengakomodasi 37 pesawat, dengan langkah optimalisasi melalui penerapan Gate Occupancy Time (GOT) yaitu sebesar 30-40 menit. Kebutuhan luas ruang tunggu keberangkatan NYIA pada tahun 2046 dengan kapasitas sebesar 24.163.371 penumpang adalah 10.706 m², jumlah kursi yang dibutuhkan sebesar 2.212 unit, kebutuhan gate hold room sebesar 13.272 m², dengan jumlah gate mencapai 39 unit. AbstractIn anticipating the occurrence of limited land area and passenger capacity such as at Adisutjipto Airport, it is necessary to analyze land area requirements in the coming year, especially the flight activities at the apron (airside) and airport passenger departure lounge (landside) for the New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA). The method used in this research is ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) and forecasting methods. The results of the study show that the apron capacity is planned to accommodate 37 aircraft by 2046, with optimization steps through the application of Gate Occupancy Time (GOT) of 30-40 minutes. The need for NYIA departure lounge area in 2046 with a capacity of 24,163,371 passengers is 10,706 m², the number of seats needed is 2,212 units, the needs of the gate hold room area required area is 13,272 m² with the number of gates reaching 39 units.
Pengaruh Waktu dan Suhu Proses Elektrolessplating Nikel terhadap Karakteristik Fisik dan Mekanik Plastik ABS Muhammad Budi Nur Rahman; Cahyo Budiyantoro; Sunardi Sunardi
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221237

Abstract

AbstrakPlastik ABS digunakan dalam industri otomotif, rumah tangga dan elektronik karena kekuatannya tinggi, keras, liat, tahan korosi, tahan panas, mudah dibentuk dan bisa dilapisi. Electrolessplating nikel adalah teknik metalizing bahan non logam agar bersifat logam. Penelitian proses electrolessplating nikel pada plastik ABS dilakukan dengan variasi suhu elektrolit yaitu 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, dan 70oC dan waktu proses pelapisan selama 4, 6, 8, 10 dan 12 menit. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan adalah mengetahui struktur mikro dan ketebalan lapisan menggunakan mikroskop optik, dan karakteristik mekanik meliputi, pengujian kekasaran,  kekerasan menggunakan Shore D Hardness dan pengujian keausan. Peningkatan suhu elektrolessplating meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan dari 0,170 µm pada suhu 40oC menjadi 0,422 μm pada suhu 70oC sedangkan semakin lama proses elektrolessplating dapat menghaluskan permukaan dari 0,70 µm untuk waktu 4 menit menjadi 0,33 µm untuk waktu 12 menit. Peningkatan suhu dan waktu proses elektrolessplating menurunkan nilai keausan spesifik dari 1,9x10-3 mm2/kg pada suhu 40oC menjadi 0,4 x 10-3 mm2/kg untuk suhu 70oC dan 2,62x10-3 mm2/kg pada waktu 4 menit menjadi 0,66x10-3 mm2/kg untuk waktu 12 menit. Suhu dan waktu proses elektrolessplating tidak banyak meningkatkan nilai kekerasan rata-rata sebesar 84,5 SDH. Proses electrolessplating nikel pada suhu 50oC menghasilkan ketebalan lapisan optimum sebesar 5,56 μm karena ion yang terbentuk semakin banyak  namun pada suhu 60oC dan 70oC ketebalannya berkurang sebesar 4,57 µm dan 3,72 µm. Penambahan waktu proses electrolessplating meningkatkan ketebalan lapisan, dari 1,29 μm dalam waktu 4 menit menjadi 3,98 μm dalam waktu 12 menit karena ion yang mengendap pada permukaan semakin banyak. AbstractABS plastic is used in the automotive, household and electronic industries because of its high strength, hardness, clay, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, easy to form and can be coated. Nickel electrolessplating is a technique of metalizing nonmetal materials to be metal. Research on the nickel electrolessplating process in ABS plastic was carried out with variations in the temperature of the electrolyte that is 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, and 70oC and coating time for 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 minutes. Hardness and wear testing. An increase in temperature electro-less plating increase the surface roughness of 0.170 µm at a temperature of 40oC to 0,422 μm at a temperature of 70oC, while the longer process of electroless plating smooth the surface of from 0.70 µm to 4 minutes to 0.33 µm for 12 minutes. An increase in temperature and the process time electro-less plating lower the value of wear specific than 1,9x10-3 mm2/kg at a temperature of 40oC to 0,4x10-3 mm2/kg for a temperature of 70oC and 2,62x10-3 mm2/kg at the time of 4 minutes to 0,66x10-3 mm2/kg for 12 minutes. The temperature and time of process electroless-plating not much increase the value of an average hardness of 84,5 SDH. The nickel electrolessplating process at a temperature of 50oC produces an optimum layer thickness of 5.56 μm because more and more ions are formed but at a temperature of 60oC and 70oC the thickness decreases by 4.57 μm and 3.72 μm. The addition of electroless-plating process time increases the thickness of the layer, from 1.29 μm in 4 minutes to 3.98 μm in 12 minutes because more ions settle on the surface. 
Penerapan Algoritma Cosine Similarity pada Text Mining Terjemah Al-Qur’an Berdasarkan Keterkaitan Topik M Didik Rohmad Wahyudi
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221235

Abstract

AbstrakAl-Qur’an merupakan sumber hukum dan panduan dalam pemecahan berbagai masalah umat Islam dalam menjalani kehidupan beragama, bermasyarakat, dan bernegara. Pemecaham masalah di dalam Al-Qur’an tidak hanya mengacu pada satu atau dua ayat. Jumlah ayat dan surat Al-Qur’an yang sangat banyak menyebabkan pencarian suatu ayat Al-Qur’an menggunakan cara konvensional akan memerlukan waktu lama. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah sistem untuk mengenali, mencari topik, dan mengelompokkan suatu permasalahan. Pencarian topik dalam terjemahan Al-Qur’an merupakan salah satu penerapan dari metode klasifikasi pengelompokan teks yang melakukan proses secara otomatis menempatkan dokumen teks ke dalam suatu kategori berdasarkan isi teks tersebut. Pengelompokan terjemah ayat Al-Qur'an berbahasa Indonesia dapat dilakukan berdasarkan tingkat kemiripan antar ayat. Algoritma yang bisa dipergunakan dalam permasalahan ini adalah Cosine Similarity. Algoritma ini akan menghitung tingkat kemiripan antar ayat yang akan menghasilkan beberapa kelompok ayat yang diambil untuk dibandingkan dengan index Al-Qur'an. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemiripan antar ayat sebesar 20% memberikan hasil terbaik pada pengelompokan index Al-Qur’an rata-rata sebesar 46,42%. Tingkat kemiripan antar terjemah ayat Al-Qur’an sebesar 40% memberikan rata-rata sebesar 15, 39% pada pengelompokan index Al-Qur’an. Untuk tingkat kemiripan antar ayat diatas 40%, ada kelompok similaritas ayat yang tidak masuk dalam index Al-Qur’an.AbstractAl-Qur’an as a Muslim holy book, contains life guidance and instructions on how to solve various problems faced by humans on earth. The Qur'an also discusses how life after death fetches every human being. The Qur'an has specific methods in grouping specific themes or problems. There are groupings based on the themes of the stories of previous people, groupings based on verses, juz, and groupings based on the place where the verses or letters of the Qur'an are revealed. In-text mining, grouping a text object can be done in various ways. One of them is based on the level of similarity. This text grouping method, of course, can be implemented in the Qur'an to find out specific patterns. The grouping of Indonesian verses in the Qur'an can be based on the level of similarity between verses using the Cosine Similarity algorithm. This algorithm will calculate the level of similarity between verses. This process will produce several groups of verses that will be taken to compare with the index of the Qur'an. The results showed that the similarity between verses was 20%, giving the best results with an average of 46.42%. The highest level of similarity where each group can still be included in the Al-Qur'an index is 40% with an average of 15, 39%. For the level of similarity between verses above 40%, there is a similarity group of verses that are not included in the Qur'anic index.
Perbandingan Fasilitas Penunjang Kesiapsiagaan SD, SMP, dan SMA Terhadap Bencana Gempa Di Kota Yogyakarta Fajar kabisatyo Tri nugroho
Semesta Teknika Vol 22, No 1 (2019): MEI 2019
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.221240

Abstract

AbstrakGempa bumi merupakan salah satu bencana yang paling dahsyat dan datang dengan tiba-tiba, yang dapat menghancurkan bangunan dalam waktu singkat. Catatan sejarah menunjukkan bahwa Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sering mengalami gempa bumi. Gempa tektonik berkekuatan di atas 6 Richter Scale (RS) dan bahkan di atas 7 RS terjadi pada 1867, 1943, 1981, 2001 dan terakhir terjadi pada Sabtu, 27 Mei 2006. Di Kota Yogyakarta, terdapat 27 bangunan sekolah yang rusak akibat gempa 27 Mei. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sarana dan prasarana sekolah untuk mendukung kesiapsiagaan bencana serta untuk mengetahui tingkat kesiapan sekolah terhadap bencana gempa 2006. Metode penelitian menggunakan likert scale dan diproses menggunakan Ms. Excel dan SPSS sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penilaian langsung di sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 50,63% dari 90 sekolah di Kota Yogyakarta tidAK memiliki fasilitas penunjang kesiapsiagaan bencana, 15,45% memiliki fasilitas penunjang namun tidak sesuai standar atau tidak layak, sisanya sebesar 33,9% memiliki fasilitas penunjang dan sesuai standar.AbstractEarthquakes are one of the most devastating natural disasters and come suddenly, this disaster can destroy buildings in a short time. Central Java and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in historical records have often experienced earthquakes, recently tectonic earthquakes of magnitude above 6 Richter Scale (RS), and some even reach more than 7 RS, which occurred in 1867, 1943, 1981, 2001 and the last occurred on Saturday, May 27, 2006. In Yogyakarta city itself, there are 27 school buildings damaged by the 27 May earthquake. This study aimed to evaluate school facilities and infrastructure to support earthquake disaster preparedness and find out the level of school readiness 2006 earthquake disaster. The research method used likert scale and processed using Ms.Excel and SPSS, data colleting use direct assessment at school. The results  show form 90 schools in the city of Yogyakarta showed 50.63% of the schools did not have disaster preparedness support facilities, 15.45% had facilities but were not standard or not feasible, the remaining 33.9% owned facilities and according to standards

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