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Journal : Open Access DRIVERset

Biosafty Evaluation of “Makann” A Bi-herbal Formulation on Female Mice: Kidney and Liver Itemire, Anne Oghenekevwe; Idu, MacDonald; Enitome, Bafor Evi; Eze, Gerald Ikechi; Gabriel, Benjamin Ogunma
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5424

Abstract

This study evaluated the biosafety of “Makann”, a bi-herbal formulation (Garcinia kola and Carica papaya), on the kidneys and liver of female mice. The collected, washed, shade-dried and processed plant extract (the biherbal formulation) was administered in various groups of female mice at 2 g/kg as a single dose for 24 hours and 14 days, and 14 days daily dose, focusing on body weight, temperature, haematological parameters, organ weight, and histology of the organs using standard analytical methods. The results indicated the biherbal formulated extract at 2 g/kg had no significant difference in the body weight and temperature of the treated animals across single doses of 24 hr and 14 days and 14 daily doses when compared with the control. There was a significant increase in white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, and mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration in the 24-hr single-dose treated group. Platelet count was significantly increased in all treatment groups compared with the control (p<0.05). The effects of the biherbal extract showed no significant difference in organ weights (liver and kidney) in single doses of 24 hr and 14 days, and daily doses of 14 days when compared with the control groups (p<0.05). The histopathological evaluation of the understudied vital organs revealed no lesions or signs of hepatorenal toxicity across the treatment groups when compared with the control. The insignificant toxicity observed in the biherbal formulation across the studied parameters suggested that the biherbal formulation may exhibit less or no toxicity at the studied dose of 2000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the biherbal formulation may be used at 2 g/kg for safety purposes; further studies on its safety at long-term and other dose administrations should be carried out.
Anti-Diarrhoeal Activity of Azanza garckeana Fruit Aqueous Extract Using Swiss Mice Gabriel, Benjamin Ogunma; Ifechukwude, Grace Nonye; Inomo, Innocent Inomo; Eboreime, Ofunre Ozolua; Oloruntoba, Evonamhe Emmanuel; Idu, MacDonald
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 3 No 1 (2026): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v3i1.9181

Abstract

Traditional medicine encompasses medical therapies, methods, theories, and practices that employ products derived from plants, animals, and minerals, as well as spiritual and manual therapies and exercises. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal potential of Azanza garckeana in Swiss mice. Different doses of the plant extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) were assessed using castor oil–induced diarrhea and gastrointestinal transit models. The results showed that the extract produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the frequency of defecation of wet feces and in total fecal output compared with the control group. At higher doses, the extract also elicited significant (p < 0.05) antimotility effects relative to untreated controls. These findings validate the ethnomedicinal use of Azanza garckeana as an effective antidiarrheal agent and indicate the need for further studies on compound isolation, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation.