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Journal : Open Access DRIVERset

Purification and Characterization of Lactoferrin from Camel Urine Ahmad, K. A.; Jada, M. S.; Wurochekke, A. U.
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i3.7705

Abstract

This study reports the isolation, purification, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of lactoferrin derived from camel urine. The lactoferrin was purified through a sequential process involving acetone precipitation, dialysis, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The partially purified protein was then characterized with respect to its molecular weight, pH and temperature optima, metal ion interaction, and thermal stability. The purification process achieved a 3.23-fold increase in purity with a specific activity of 6.33 U/mg protein and an overall yield of 9.74%. The purified lactoferrin exhibited a molecular weight of 75 kDa and demonstrated optimal activity at pH 7.0 and 40 °C in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer. Among the metal ions tested, Zn²⁺ enhanced lactoferrin activity, while Mg²⁺ and Al³⁺ acted as strong inhibitors. These findings confirm the potential of camel urine as a novel and viable source of bioactive lactoferrin and lay the groundwork for further biotechnological exploration of its therapeutic applications.
Qualitative, Quantitative, GCMS, and FTIR Phytochemical Screening of Cassia occidentalis Ahmad, K. A.
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i3.7708

Abstract

Cassia occidentalis Linn, a plant widely recognized in traditional medicine, was subjected to comprehensive phytochemical analysis to elucidate its bioactive constituents. Both qualitative and quantitative assessments confirmed the presence of key secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanolic extract identified 30 distinct compounds, notably hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, cis-9-hexadecenal, oleic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, and 9,17-octadecadienal, all of which are associated with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) further confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and alkene groups, supporting the structural integrity of the compounds identified via GC-MS. These findings provide a detailed phytochemical profile of Cassia occidentalis, offering a scientific foundation for its traditional therapeutic applications and supporting its potential for further pharmacological investigation.