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Journal : journal of world science

The Misuse of Social Media as a Means of Electronic Transactions in the Ambon Class I Type a Navigation District Rusly Karim; D. J. A. Hehanussa; Elsa R. M. Toule
Journal of World Science Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v5i5.1665

Abstract

This study discusses the misuse of social media as a means of illegal electronic transactions in the Ambon Class I Type A Navigation District, particularly in relation to cyber fraud and identity abuse in the digital era. The research aims to analyze the forms of social media misuse, identify the modus operandi used by perpetrators, and evaluate the effectiveness of law enforcement against cybercrime involving government institutions. This research employed a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials included the Indonesian Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Criminal Code, and the Personal Data Protection Law, while secondary materials consisted of journals, books, and relevant legal documents. The findings reveal that the primary form of abuse involved fictitious PPPK recruitment fraud through fake social media accounts, falsified electronic documents, phishing practices, and manipulation of institutional identities, resulting in significant financial losses for victims. The study also found that law enforcement remains ineffective due to limitations in digital forensic infrastructure, difficulties in identifying anonymous perpetrators, weak coordination among institutions, and low public digital literacy. Furthermore, the absence of verified official social media accounts increased the vulnerability of institutional identity misuse. The study concludes that although Indonesia has adequate legal regulations to address cybercrime, effective law enforcement requires stronger digital infrastructure, improved investigative capacity, verified digital communication channels, and greater public awareness regarding cyber fraud prevention.
Strict Liability of Shipping Corporations on Unseaworthy Ships Husein Layn; Elsa R. M. Toule; D. J. A. Hehanussa
Journal of World Science Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): Journal of World Science
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jws.v5i5.1666

Abstract

Shipping safety is a fundamental aspect of connectivity in the Maluku archipelago. However, the high rate of maritime accidents caused by unseaworthiness factors such as overloading and the absence of safety equipment indicates weaknesses in the current legal liability system, which tends to focus solely on individual shipmasters (captains). This study aims to analyze the urgency and mechanism of applying the principle of strict liability to shipping corporations that operate unseaworthy vessels within the working area of the Class I Port Authority and Office (KSOP) Ambon. The research method employed was normative juridical, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that operating an unseaworthy vessel is a type of regulatory offense that carries significant risks to public safety, therefore, the requirement to prove criminal intent (mens rea), which is often difficult to establish within corporate structures, can be waived. Under the strict liability principle, corporations can be held criminally liable based on objective evidence of violating seaworthiness standards (actus reus). Geographic challenges in Maluku, where only 24 out of 75 ports have permanent officers, reinforce the need for a firm legal doctrine to create a deterrent effect for shipowners. This study concludes that the explicit application of strict liability in maritime regulations will encourage corporations to systemically improve safety standards and ensure legal certainty for the public utilizing sea transportation services.