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All Journal English Language Teaching Educational Journal Teaching English as a Foreign Language Journal
Bao, Dat
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Journal : English Language Teaching Educational Journal

 1 
Exploring How Silence Communicates Bao, Dat
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v3i1.1939

Abstract

This article argues that silence as communication can be academically practised in the classroom as much as talk, simply because talk and silence are both essential components of everyday interaction (Nakane, 2012). These two constructs are interdependent in the sense that one would not exist without the other. Silence can be practised in two different ways: one is to employ it as a mental processing process in learning; two is to observe and discuss how silence is used in communication. The article begins by sharing the literature review on how silence works in education, how it deserves a place in SLS theorisation, and how it constitutes communication competence. Secondly, it highlights classroom tasks that trigger silent processing and explain why this is the case. Thirdly, the discussion recommends an activity which addresses the value of silence, which was developed by the author through research and experience. Finally, there are recommendations for task design in which similar activity types are introduced to assist the learning of reflective students.
How silence facilitates verbal participation Thanh-My, Nguyen; Bao, Dat
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v3i3.3004

Abstract

The article reports a qualitative-quantitative case study of 239 Vietnamese university students’ perspectives on the effects of their silence on the formulation and quality of their talk. It presents participants’ voices with regards to whether and how their silent thinking influences verbal communication in the English language classroom and discusses the dynamics of productive learning strategies that would benefit the quality of speech. Data from an open-ended questionnaire reveal insights into students’ silent and verbal learning with a focus on the logical relationship between the two modes. Three findings coming out of this project include different nuances of the silent learning behaviour, the frequency of success in producing speech after mental processing practice, and a range of practical strategies that helps turn thoughts into verbal output. The study unpacks the importance of silence as autonomous learning and proposes relevant classroom activities for more rewarding outcomes.
The impacts of the global pandemic on online learning in Vietnam Bao, Dat
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v6i2.9217

Abstract

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has caused tremendous disruptions in the field of education, including in Vietnam. In response to the ongoing pandemic, online learning has emerged as the primary mode of education delivery, transforming the traditional learning landscape. This article reports a study that adopts a combination of reflection and text-based research. The project explores the impacts of the pandemic on online learning in the new normal within the Vietnamese education system. The work focuses mainly on learning motivation, student engagement, and digital competence. While the pandemic has led to increased acceptance and utilization of online learning platforms, it has also presented challenges, including issues of digital inequality and limited social interaction. Findings suggest that the Vietnamese education system needs to adapt to fully harness the potential of online learning in the new normal.
Exploring factors influencing student silence in EFL classes: A case study at an Indonesian vocational high school Pratolo, Bambang Widi; Sakti , Muhammad Muzakki Arya; Bao, Dat
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v7i1.10596

Abstract

Research on student silence in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms has become increasingly important in language learning environments worldwide. This study investigates the factors contributing to student silence in EFL classes at a vocational high school in Indonesia. The research focused on students in an 11th-grade class, adopting a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of silent students. The study was conducted in two stages: observation and interviews. In the initial observation phase, the researcher examined classroom conditions during EFL lessons to identify students who frequently remained silent. Following this, an interview phase was conducted with six students who often displayed silent behavior. Pre-prepared questions were used to gather insights into their perspectives on class participation and the challenges they faced in engaging actively. The findings revealed several factors that contribute to student silence in EFL classes, including anxiety, limited language proficiency, low self-confidence, lack of motivation, and introverted personality traits. Additionally, students reported experiencing difficulties related to understanding the material, maintaining focus, and speaking in class. The study also identified common activities among silent students, such as engaging in side conversations, doodling, using mobile phones, listening to the teacher, reading textbooks, and taking notes. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the phenomenon of student silence in EFL classrooms, highlighting several factors that may hinder student participation. These findings could inform strategies for improving the quality of teaching and learning in EFL settings, with a particular focus on supporting silent students.
Enhancing reading comprehension and motivation through Think-Pair-Share: Classroom action research in an Indonesian EFL context Pratolo, Bambang Widi; Bao, Dat; Palaguna, Suhendri
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v8i1.13992

Abstract

Improving students' reading comprehension remains a persistent challenge in EFL classrooms, particularly where learners exhibit low motivation and limited engagement. This study investigated the effectiveness of the Think–Pair–Share (TPS) cooperative learning strategy in an Indonesian secondary EFL classroom. Using a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design, the intervention was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting stages. Data were collected through a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative evidence came from pre-tests and post-tests of reading comprehension, while qualitative data were obtained from classroom observations, field notes, and interviews. The findings showed substantial improvements in both motivation and understanding. Students' mean reading scores increased from 57.22 in the pre-test to 78.26 in Cycle II, with the number achieving the passing grade rising from three to fifteen. Variability decreased, indicating more consistent achievement across the class. Qualitative results revealed a transformation from passive and disengaged learners to confident and motivated participants who valued collaboration and peer support. The study concludes that TPS is effective not only in enhancing comprehension but also in fostering a student-centered and inclusive learning environment. Teachers are encouraged to integrate TPS with explicit scaffolding and adaptive sharing formats to maximize equity and engagement in reading instruction.
A framework for playful pedagogy: Nurturing child imagination in second language learning Bao, Dat; Nguyen, Tran Thi Hoang
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v8i2.14368

Abstract

This conceptual article argues that although imagination is a highly important dynamic of the mind with strong potential to assist language development, imagination alone does not work by itself. Instead, a strategic framework is needed to support imagination by connecting it with playful teaching and amusing content. The article begins by pinpointing what playful pedagogy means and what role imagination plays in the learning process. Secondly, the discussion presents some challenges to such learning, delving particularly into some constraints on child imagination and other constraints on English learning among children. Thirdly, the discussion highlights the need for a playful pedagogy and amusing content to support it. This is followed by some insights into nurturing imagination for learning. Finally, the article unpacks the above-mentioned framework in ways that would assist task design in language education.
Exploring the use of Facebook in developing EFL skills and student leadership Huy, Nguyen Quoc; Bao, Dat
English Language Teaching Educational Journal Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eltej.v8i3.15311

Abstract

As social media becomes deeply embedded in the lives of young learners, English language educators are increasingly exploring its pedagogical potential. This article examines how Facebook can function as a multifunctional learning ecosystem that supports three key dimensions of EFL development: learner engagement, leadership growth, and humour competence. Drawing on reflective teaching practice and autoethnographic insights, the study synthesizes experiences from multiple classroom contexts in which Facebook was integrated into homework tasks, collaborative projects, and creative, meme-based activities. The findings reveal that Facebook fosters authentic communication, encourages active participation, and enables students to assume leadership roles through managing group discussions, organising challenges, and moderating peer interactions. Additionally, the strategic use of memes helps develop humour competence, a linguacultural and communicative skill often overlooked in language teaching. Despite challenges such as distractions, privacy concerns, and misinformation, the study demonstrates that when guided by clear pedagogical intentions, Facebook can serve as a holistic learning environment that enhances language proficiency, soft skills, and digital literacy. Implications are offered for educators seeking to integrate social media meaningfully into EFL instruction.
Co-Authors Bambang Widi Pratolo Huy, Nguyen Quoc Nguyen, Tran Thi Hoang Palaguna, Suhendri Sakti , Muhammad Muzakki Arya Thanh-My, Nguyen