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All Journal JURNAL ILMIAH PENJAS (Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) JURNAL ILMIAH PENJAS (Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) GEMBIRA (Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport
Aziz Amrulloh
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Religion Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport

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Passive Stretching Intervention for Upper Back Muscle Imbalance: A Focus on the Rhomboid Muscle in Adults Sandhya Kresnajati; Riki Edo Saputro; Aziz Amrulloh; M Syahrul Muafi; Dicky Budhi Setiawan
Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i1.29189

Abstract

Adults are increasingly experiencing upper back muscle imbalances, particularly rhomboid muscle tightness, often due to prolonged sitting and poor posture. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a single passive stretching session in relieving rhomboid muscle tightness in adults. A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was employed using pre-existing data from Klinik Satu Sehat Semarang, which included 13 adults aged 18 to 59 years. Each participant underwent a single passive stretching session, and measurements of shoulder movement and muscle tightness were taken before and after using a goniometer and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A paired t-test revealed a statistically significant reduction in muscle tightness (p = 0.004), with an average decrease of two VAS points. Additionally, shoulder retraction range of motion increased by an average of 6 degrees (p = 0.001).  Passive stretching of the rhomboid muscle effectively improves shoulder mobility and reduces upper back stiffness in adults within a single session, making it a practical method for addressing muscle problems caused by poor posture and applicable in rehabilitation and prevention programs. 
Co-Authors Amelia Eka Rahmawati Dicky Budhi Setiawan M Syahrul Muafi Mulya Arrahma Finisya Reza Muhammad Hanafi Riki Edo Saputro Sandhya Kresnajati