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Saliya, Yuswadi
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

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STUDI PENJAJARAN ARSITEKTUR MASJID-MASJID TUA DI ACEH DAN DI JAWA PESISIRAN DITINJAU DARI SOSOK, TEKTONIKA, DAN ORNAMENTASI KASUS STUDI MASJID DI ACEH, BANTEN, CIREBON, DEMAK, DAN KUDUS Gustama, Ridho; Saliya, Yuswadi
Riset Arsitektur (RISA) Vol 8 No 03 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i03.8244.310-327

Abstract

Abstract - Aceh played an important role in the introduction of Islam in Indonesia. Aceh's geographical location on the coast made it one of the cities where traders from all over the world met. Therefore, there are many relationships between Aceh and the cultures that enter Aceh. In addition, Aceh is one of the regions in Indonesia that holds strong Islamic law in social life. Religious buildings, especially mosques in Aceh, are important because they are not only a place of worship but also a place for learning and religious tourism. Ancient mosques in Aceh were found to have similarities with ancient mosques in the Java Coast with the discovery of a sketch of the Baiturrahman Mosque before it was burned. From these discoveries, the research raised the question 'How are the similarities and differences in the architecture of old mosques in Aceh and Coastal Java in terms of Figure, Tectonics, and Ornamentation?' and 'What are the factors that influence the similarities and differences?'. The purpose of this study is to find out the similarities and differences between ancient mosques in Aceh and coastal Java in terms of figure, tectonics, and ornamentation. In addition, to find out the factors that influence the similarities and differences. The study uses a qualitative method where the materials obtained from the field of research are in the form of words and datas that produce descriptive analysis in the form of written and verbal words. As for the studied objects, they are categorized into two categories, namely the jami mosque and the big mosque. Jami mosque consists of Tuha Ulee Kareng Mosque, Tuha Lamura Mosque, Tgk Fakinah Mosque, and Beuracan Mosque. Meanwhile, the big mosque consists of the Indrapuri Mosque. Throughout this research, it was found that the figures of Aceh and Java Coastal Mosques have similarities, while in tectonical aspect there are similarities in the use of the saka guru structural system. Besides similarities, there are differences in tectonical aspects in which the Aceh Mosque is still seen using column binding beams that are visible above the floor while the Java Coastal Mosque does not use them. For ornamentation, the similarities between the Aceh Mosque and Java Coastal Mosque are dominated while the striking difference is the use of memala at the top of the roof whereas the Aceh Mosque does not use memala while the mosque in Java Coastal uses it. In addition, there is an interesting ornamentation in the form of banana heart ornamentation which is found similar to the completion of the ceiling in India (Mughal Era) and similarities with ornaments in the Sunan Gunung Jati Tomb Complex. It was caused by several factors, namely political factors, locality factors, and external factors. Keywords: forms, tectonics, ornamentation, Aceh
ADHOCISM PADA PERBEDAAN KONSEP SAYEMBARA ARSITEKTUR DENGAN HASIL AKHIR BANGUNAN, STUDI KASUS PADA 3 SAYEMBARA TERBANGUN William Oscar Windoro, Chris; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9206.172-188

Abstract

Abstract - Not all design concepts from architectural competitions are in accordance with the final results of the buildings being built. In this context, the theory of adhocism becomes relevant as an approach to understanding the changes and improvisations that occur in the process after the competition is over. This study aims to identify improvisation or change based on the Adhocism teory. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive method on 3 research objects. Data was collected through interviews with winners, and analysis regarding differences in contest bids and final results. Of the 3 study objects discussed, the design realization shows a significant difference. The design change factor in the realization of the building is due to design personalization or differences in design preferences between the project owner and the jury. case, has a tendency to occur the principle of "Re-personalizing subsystem," and "High Adhocism". Changes to the design of the contest evoked responses for a simple reason (High Adhocism), namely because the project owner has different preferences or tastes from the jury (Re-personalizing subsystem). This shows that there is a dynamic that occurs after judging, where the project owner has the freedom to influence the final outcome based on personal preferences. Keywords: adhocism, architecture competition, built architecture competition
KAJIAN KRITIS DAMPAK ARSITEKTUR PASCAMODERN PADA PERWUJUDAN TIPOLOGI PERKANTORAN BANGUNAN THE ENERGY JAKARTA Nugraha Witama, Handy; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7538.68-85

Abstract

Abstract - The rise of architecture in Indonesia undergoes a significant change caused by the influence and existing developments, so the architecture of the archipelago is fading. Those influences caused the need of architectural critique as an objective learning of architecture design in Indonesia, such as responding to contextual and specific typology function. The Energy is a Postmodern office building that’s located in the SCBD Jakarta. This research critically analyse the impact of Postmodern architecture towards the embodiement of The Energy Building office typology, also criticize the suitability to the context of the SCBD area and the effieciency of energy usage. The research focus on the building's shape, exterior appearance, interior, energy efficiency, zonation, activities. This research uses descriptive, comparative, and normative methods with qualitative approach, the data of the object study is analysed by explanations of Postmodern architectural theory relating to the energy efficiency standards and contextual architectural theory in studying the embodiment of The Energy's office typology on the basis of architectural criticism theory. For data gathering by field observation, interview with the developer on The Energy building and literature study. This critical architecture research is sought to give an impact and understanding of the wider comunity and future architecture planning based on architectural theories. The final study results reveal the impact of Postmodern on the realization of The Energy's office typology from the scope of the study is said to be well and appropriate, and is positively integrated with Contextual, and energy efficiency that affect the comfortability of workers’ and rental price. The embodiment of The Energy's typology also develops and adopts from the previous, by following the development of architectural styles and technology, and the characteristics of the people that reflect the sophistication of the era. The outcome of the study produces conclusions and lessons also generate hypotheses for the future embodiment office typology. Keywords: critical study, Postmodern, office typologie, SCBD Jakarta
STUDI PENJAJARAN ARSITEKTUR MASJID-MASJID TUA DI ACEH DAN DI JAWA PESISIRAN DITINJAU DARI SOSOK, TEKTONIKA, DAN ORNAMENTASI KASUS STUDI MASJID DI ACEH, BANTEN, CIREBON, DEMAK, DAN KUDUS Gustama, Ridho; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 03 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i03.8244.310-327

Abstract

Abstract - Aceh played an important role in the introduction of Islam in Indonesia. Aceh's geographical location on the coast made it one of the cities where traders from all over the world met. Therefore, there are many relationships between Aceh and the cultures that enter Aceh. In addition, Aceh is one of the regions in Indonesia that holds strong Islamic law in social life. Religious buildings, especially mosques in Aceh, are important because they are not only a place of worship but also a place for learning and religious tourism. Ancient mosques in Aceh were found to have similarities with ancient mosques in the Java Coast with the discovery of a sketch of the Baiturrahman Mosque before it was burned. From these discoveries, the research raised the question 'How are the similarities and differences in the architecture of old mosques in Aceh and Coastal Java in terms of Figure, Tectonics, and Ornamentation?' and 'What are the factors that influence the similarities and differences?'. The purpose of this study is to find out the similarities and differences between ancient mosques in Aceh and coastal Java in terms of figure, tectonics, and ornamentation. In addition, to find out the factors that influence the similarities and differences. The study uses a qualitative method where the materials obtained from the field of research are in the form of words and datas that produce descriptive analysis in the form of written and verbal words. As for the studied objects, they are categorized into two categories, namely the jami mosque and the big mosque. Jami mosque consists of Tuha Ulee Kareng Mosque, Tuha Lamura Mosque, Tgk Fakinah Mosque, and Beuracan Mosque. Meanwhile, the big mosque consists of the Indrapuri Mosque. Throughout this research, it was found that the figures of Aceh and Java Coastal Mosques have similarities, while in tectonical aspect there are similarities in the use of the saka guru structural system. Besides similarities, there are differences in tectonical aspects in which the Aceh Mosque is still seen using column binding beams that are visible above the floor while the Java Coastal Mosque does not use them. For ornamentation, the similarities between the Aceh Mosque and Java Coastal Mosque are dominated while the striking difference is the use of memala at the top of the roof whereas the Aceh Mosque does not use memala while the mosque in Java Coastal uses it. In addition, there is an interesting ornamentation in the form of banana heart ornamentation which is found similar to the completion of the ceiling in India (Mughal Era) and similarities with ornaments in the Sunan Gunung Jati Tomb Complex. It was caused by several factors, namely political factors, locality factors, and external factors. Keywords: forms, tectonics, ornamentation, Aceh
ADHOCISM PADA PERBEDAAN KONSEP SAYEMBARA ARSITEKTUR DENGAN HASIL AKHIR BANGUNAN, STUDI KASUS PADA 3 SAYEMBARA TERBANGUN William Oscar Windoro, Chris; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9206.172-188

Abstract

Abstract - Not all design concepts from architectural competitions are in accordance with the final results of the buildings being built. In this context, the theory of adhocism becomes relevant as an approach to understanding the changes and improvisations that occur in the process after the competition is over. This study aims to identify improvisation or change based on the Adhocism teory. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive method on 3 research objects. Data was collected through interviews with winners, and analysis regarding differences in contest bids and final results. Of the 3 study objects discussed, the design realization shows a significant difference. The design change factor in the realization of the building is due to design personalization or differences in design preferences between the project owner and the jury. case, has a tendency to occur the principle of "Re-personalizing subsystem," and "High Adhocism". Changes to the design of the contest evoked responses for a simple reason (High Adhocism), namely because the project owner has different preferences or tastes from the jury (Re-personalizing subsystem). This shows that there is a dynamic that occurs after judging, where the project owner has the freedom to influence the final outcome based on personal preferences. Keywords: adhocism, architecture competition, built architecture competition
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN FUNGSI PADA KEASLIAN BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA DI BANDUNG STUDI KASUS : GEDUNG TIGAWARNA B. Harahap, Yulia; Saryono, Alwin; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 6 No 02 (2022): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v6i02.5732.223-239

Abstract

Abstract - The development of the city of Bandung is very rapid with the emergence of modern buildings coloring the face of Bandung in almost all cities, this situation is caused by the increasingly diverse needs of the city, cultural heritage buildings are also affected, because their functions are changed according to the needs of their owners. There are many cultural heritage buildings whose functions have changed but do not pay attention to the authenticity of the buildings so that their condition becomes alarming, of the many cultural heritage buildings in Bandung, only a few of which are still visible in their authenticity even though their functions have changed. This study will raise the issue of the effect of changing functions on the authenticity of cultural heritage buildings with a focus on function and form, with the case study of Gedung Tiga Warna. This qualitative research puts forward a new way of reading that combines the Function-Form-Construction theory and the Preservation theory. The Tiga Warna Building, from the outside, still looks authentic, but many of the interior processing has changed from the original, due to the change in function from residential and office buildings to BTPN bank buildings. However, the original form is sought to be maintained, among others by using the same or similar materials as the original, both exterior and interior. The benefits of this research are expected to contribute to architectural knowledge for the community, input for academics and students of Architecture, as well as input for policy makers in formulating strategies for preserving cultural heritage buildings. Key words : Changes in function, authenticity, heritage building, Gedung Tigawarna.
CERMINAN ARSITEKTUR NUSANTARA PADA TAMPILAN GEDUNG PUSAT ADMINISTRASI UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA, DEPOK Nur Alia, Demitra; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 6 No 04 (2022): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v6i04.6152.440-451

Abstract

Abstract - Nusantara architecture is a knowledge passed down from generation to generation in the matter of designing space, in accordance with geoclimatic conditions, which embodies diversity from Sabang to Merauke. Nusantara architecture can be classified as an element of culture in the realm of architectural knowledge. Without realizing it, the essence of the Nusantara Architecture knowledge will always be embedded in Nusantara society, like an identity. The track record of Nusantara Architecture is recorded in the oral society, where stories and objects become the medium used to record and trace the knowledge of Nusantara Architecture. The absence of a written track record gives the impression that Nusantara Architecture has sunk. One of the records of Nusantara Architecture that can be found to this day is the Nusantara Temple, which is iconic and monumental. Temples holds importance and virtue that exceeds other buildings. The brilliance of the architecture of temples can illustrate how rich the culture, civilization, and architecture in the Nusantara. Apart from accommodating certain functions and activities, temples can also be used as a means of expressing Nusantara culture. Nusantara architecture is often regarded as something ancient and out of date. The influence of Western architecture was more easily accepted by the people of the Nusantara, thus encouraging a fusion of culture that faded the touch of Nusantara in Indonesian architecture, resulting in a shift in spatial structure, appearance of form and appearance, to scale and proportion. The current Nusantara Architecture should grow, transform, become global, but still holds strength that comes from the local context. The study aims to examine the concepts of Nusantara Architecture of the object of study, which is an educational building built in the modern era. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive, and is carried out through colleting data, which goes hand in hand with supporting literature studies. In this study, the main theory used is the Nusantara Architecture Theory by Prof. Josef Prijotomo, who was later assisted by the method of Temple Elements. Comparison with the temple will be used as a tool to analyze the object of study, the Central Administration Building of University of Indonesia. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the Central Administration Building of University of Indonesia has the temple elements in its architecture, which includes twelve elements, namely hierarchy, axis, divison of three, geometric composition, rhythm and repetition, perspective effect, symmetry, mimetic, composition, solids-voids, textures – line elements – dark/light effects, biomimetic ornaments, and materials. By fulfilling the temple elements, it can be stated that the Central Administration Building of University of Indonesia reflects the Nusantara Architecture, through a process of transformation with a touch of modern architecture. Keywords: Nusantara Architecture, Temple, Appearance, Universitas Indonesia Administrative Center Building
PERWUJUDAN GAGASAN “COMPLEXITY AND CONTRADICTION IN ARCHITECTURE” OLEH ROBERT VENTURI PADA ARSITEKTUR PURI AGUNG KARANGASEM BALI Beatrix Hendrata, Ilona; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 7 No 02 (2023): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v7i02.6604.169-183

Abstract

Abstract - Postmodern architecture was initiated around the 1960s, when architects who were supported by the ideas of philosophers and writers saw that modern architecture was no longer in accordance with the times because of the inability to answer the specific cultural context in an architectural work. A character named Robert Venturi is one who plays an important role in the development of Postmodern Architecture with various ideas, the most famous of which is "Less is Bore" which responds to the architectural motto "Less is More" in Modern architecture. Robert Venturi wrote several books, including "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" which contains Robert Venturi's Postmodern ideas. Postmodern architecture which has eclectic and hybrid thinking is also developing rapidly in Indonesia, especially on the island of Bali as one of the cultural centers. The architecture that characterizes the island of Bali is the temple as a place of worship and the castle as the residence of the Balinese kingdom. Puri Agung Karangasem is located in the center of Amlapura City, a kingdom in East Bali. It was founded at the end of the 19th century by Anak Agung Anglurah Ktut Karangasem who was appointed as Stadholder II. Puri Agung Karangasem applies the concept of a blend of several cultures in its architecture. Balinese architecture, colonial architecture according to the development period, and there is Chinese influence. This research is qualitative with descriptive-analytical approach. The data that has been collected will be processed by comparing, grouping and summarizing. The study will look for Venturi's ideas in "Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture" which are reflected in the architecture of Puri Agung Karangasem. The results of the study show that many of Venturi's ideas are realized in terms of mass and spatial planning, building figures and ornamentation resulting from acculturation of the three cultures. This proves that before Postmodern Architecture developed in 1960 and Venturi issued the idea, Puri Agung Karangasem on the island of Bali had implemented this concept in the construction of the Puri since more than 60 years earlier. Keyword: Castle, Bali, Robert Venturi, Postmodern Architecture
Co-Authors B. Harahap, Yulia Beatrix Hendrata, Ilona Gustama, Ridho Nugraha Witama, Handy Nur Alia, Demitra Saryono, Alwin William Oscar Windoro, Chris