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Journal : journal of strength and conditioning

Platelet Count as a Marker of Thrombosis Risk in Male Athlete Smokers Aged 17–20 Years May, Maulidya; Purnama Pribadi, Heri
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Strength and conditioning
Publisher : Indonesian Conditioning Coaches

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63739/jsc.v2i2.54

Abstract

Platelets play a crucial role in hemostasis and blood clot formation, contributing to vascular stability. Cigarette smoking is known to increase oxidative stress, which may impair endothelial function and promote platelet activation. In athletes, regular physical training induces physiological adaptations that help regulate hematological balance, whereas smoking exposure introduces reactive oxygen species that may increase thrombotic potential. This study aimed to compare platelet counts among three groups of young males: athlete smokers, athlete non-smokers, and non-athlete controls aged 17–20 years. A total of 33 participants were selected using purposive sampling, with 11 individuals in each group. Venous blood samples were collected from the cubital vein and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and group differences were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05. The highest mean platelet count was observed in athlete non-smokers (380.65 ± 138.31 ×10³/µL), followed by the control group (328.48 ± 65.11 ×10³/µL) and athlete smokers (276.20 ± 64.61 ×10³/µL). Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences among groups (p = 0.096). These findings suggest that regular physical activity may help maintain platelet stability in young athletes despite smoking habits; however, the potential long-term risk of thrombosis associated with smoking should be considered.
LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) LEVELS IN MALE ATHLETES, SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS AGED 17-20 YEARS Rahma, Yulia Ainur; Purnama Pribadi, Heri
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Strength and Conditioning
Publisher : Indonesian Conditioning Coaches

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63739/jsc.v3i1.63

Abstract

Smoking is known to increase oxidative stress, disrupt lipid metabolism, and accelerate the formation of oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Conversely, regular physical exercise enhances antioxidant capacity and improves lipid regulation. The interaction between smoking habits and intense physical activity in young athletes is important, as both may influence lipid balance and LDL levels associated with atherosclerosis risk. This study aimed to determine differences in LDL levels between smoking and non-smoking athletes aged 17–20 years. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 23 male athletes were divided into smoking and non-smoking groups. Blood samples were collected via venipuncture to measure LDL levels through laboratory analysis. Data normality was tested using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Since one group was not normally distributed, the Mann–Whitney test was applied with a significance level of 0.05. Smoking athletes had a higher mean LDL level (107.10 ± 29.11 mg/dL) compared to non-smoking athletes (86.02 ± 20.34 mg/dL). However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Descriptively, there was a tendency toward higher LDL levels in smoking athletes, although all values remained within ranges potentially influenced by regular physical activity. moking habits in young athletes did not show a significant effect on LDL levels. This may be due to physiological compensatory mechanisms induced by regular physical training, which can mitigate the negative effects of smoking on lipid metabolism.
The Effect of Giving Palm Sap (Borassus Flabellifer Linnaeus) on Hydration Status After Aerobic Exercise Zakiudin, Muhamad; Purnama Pribadi, Heri
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Strength and Conditioning
Publisher : Indonesian Conditioning Coaches

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63739/jsc.v3i1.67

Abstract

Dehydration is a common physiological condition that occurs after physical activity, particularly aerobic exercise, due to increased core body temperature and fluid loss through sweat. Unreplaced fluid and electrolyte loss can disrupt the body's fluid balance and impair performance and recovery. Mineral water is often used as a rehydration fluid, but it does not contain the optimal amount of carbohydrates and electrolytes to support fluid absorption. Palm sap water (Borassus flabellifer L.) has the potential to be a natural rehydration alternative because it contains simple carbohydrates and electrolytes. This study aimed to analyze the effect of palm sap water on hydration status after aerobic exercise compared to mineral water. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Thirty healthy male university students aged 18–20 years were divided into two groups: the palm sap water group and the mineral water group. All subjects performed aerobic exercise, consisting of running for 30 minutes at an intensity of 64–76% of HRmax. After the activity, each group was given 250 mL of fluid according to the treatment. Hydration status was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with Total Body Water (TBW) as the parameter before and after the intervention. Data analysis used paired sample t-tests and independent sample t-tests. The results showed an increase in TBW values ​​in both groups, but this was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the palm sap water and mineral water groups in the post-test (p>0.05). This indicates that both fluids are equally effective in maintaining body fluid balance during moderate-intensity aerobic activity.Insert short English abstract here. The abstract should be in Cambri font style, 9 font size, and justified. It should not exceed 300 words. You can write your article’s abstract using this style and replacing with this information text.