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All Journal Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Communication in Biomathematical Sciences Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Makara Journal of Science
Bevina D Handari
Department Of Mathematics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
Astronomy Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics Social Sciences

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Journal : Communication in Biomathematical Sciences

 1 
Forward Bifurcation with Hysteresis Phenomena from Atherosclerosis Mathematical Model Dipo Aldila; Arthana Islamilova; Sarbaz H.A. Khosnaw; Bevina D. Handari; Hengki Tasman
Communication in Biomathematical Sciences Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Bio-Mathematical Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/cbms.2021.4.2.4

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a non-communicable disease (NCDs) which appears when the blood vessels in the human body become thick and stiff. The symptoms range from chest pain, sudden numbness in the arms or legs, temporary loss of vision in one eye, or even kidney failure, which may lead to death. Treatment in cases with severe symptoms requires surgery, in which the number of doctors or hospitals is limited in some countries, especially countries with low health levels. This article aims to propose a mathematical model to understand the impact of limited hospital resources on the success of the control program of atherosclerosis spreads. The model was constructed based on a deterministic model, where the hospitalization rate is defined as a time-dependent saturated function concerning the number of infected individuals. The existence and stability of all possible equilibrium points were shown analytically and numerically, along with the basic reproduction number. Our analysis indicates that our model may exhibit various types of bifurcation phenomena, such as forward bifurcation, backward bifurcation, or a forward bifurcation with hysteresis depending on the value of hospitalization saturation parameter and the infection rate for treated infected individuals. These phenomenon triggers a complex and tricky control program of atherosclerosis. A forward bifurcation with hysteresis auses a possible condition of having more than one stable endemic equilibrium when the basic reproduction number is larger than one, but close to one. The more significant value of hospitalization saturation rate or the infection rate for treated infected individuals increases the possibility of the stable endemic equilibrium point even though the disease-free equilibrium is stable. Furthermore, the Pontryagin Maximum Principle was used to characterize the optimal control problem for our model. Based on the results of our analysis, we conclude that atherosclerosis control interventions should prioritize prevention efforts over endemic reduction scenarios to avoid high intervention costs. In addition, the government also needs to pay great attention to the availability of hospital services for this disease to avoid the dynamic complexity of the spread of atherosclerosis in the field.
Assessing The Impact of Medical Treatment and Fumigation on The Superinfection of Malaria: A Study of Sensitivity Analysis Handari, Bevina D.; Aldila, Dipo; Tamalia, Evllyn; Khoshnaw, Sarbaz H. A.; Shahzad, Muhammad
Communication in Biomathematical Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : The Indonesian Bio-Mathematical Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/cbms.2023.6.1.5

Abstract

Malaria is a disease caused by the parasite Plasmodium, transmitted by the bite of an infected female Anopheles. In general, five species of Plasmodium that can cause malaria. Of the five species, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are two species of Plasmodium that can allow malaria superinfection in the human body. Typically, the popular intervention for malaria eradication is the use of fumigation to control the vector population and provide good medical services for malaria patients. Here in this article, we formulate a mathematical model based on a host-vector interaction. Our model considering two types of plasmodium in the infection process and the use of medical treatment and fumigation for the eradication program. Our analytical result succeeds in proving the existence of all equilibrium points and how their existence and local stability criteria depend not only on the control reproduction number but also in the invasive reproduction number. This invasive reproduction number represent how one plasmodium can dominate other plasmodium. Our sensitivity analysis shows that fumigation is the most influential parameter in determining all control reproduction numbers. Furthermore, we find that the order in which numerous intervention measures are taken will be very crucial to determine the level of success of our malaria eradication program.
On the Role of Early Case Detection and Treatment Failure in Controlling Tuberculosis Transmission: A Mathematical Modeling Study Aldila, Dipo; Ramadhan, Derio A.; Chukwu, Chidozie W.; Handari, Bevina D.; Shahzad, Muhammad; Putri Zahra Kamalia
Communication in Biomathematical Sciences Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Indonesian Bio-Mathematical Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/cbms.2024.7.1.4

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pressing global health concern, demanding urgent attention to mitigate its spread and impact. In this study, we present a rigorous mathematical model of TB transmission that incorporates early case detection and addresses the critical issue of treatment failure. Through the development of a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, we conduct comprehensive analyses to assess the dynamics of TB transmission and the efficacy of intervention strategies. Our findings underscore the urgent need for effective TB control measures. Mathematical analyses reveal that the model exhibits a TB-free equilibrium, which is globally asymptotically stable only if the control reproduction number falls below one. However, we identify a concerning phenomenon: the model demonstrates a forward bifurcation when the control reproduction number equals one, suggesting that the disease-free equilibrium loses its stability, while simultaneously, the stable unique endemic equilibrium begins to emerge. Moreover, sensitivity analysis highlights the complex interplay between case detection rates, treatment failure probabilities, and TB transmission dynamics. Contrary to expectations, increasing case detection rates and minimizing treatment failure probabilities may not consistently reduce the basic reproduction number or the size of the infected population. Instead, there exists a critical threshold for intervention effectiveness, beyond which TB transmission can be significantly curtailed. Biologically, this phenomenon may occur if there is no balance between case detection and treatment efforts. If treatment quality does not improve, then case detection will not have a significant impact, and in the worst case scenario, it can exacerbate the intervention’s negative effects. These findings underscore the urgency of implementing targeted intervention strategies to combat TB transmission effectively. Failure to meet the critical intervention threshold risks undermining TB elimination efforts and exacerbating the global TB burden. Through numerical simulations, we elucidate potential intervention scenarios necessary for achieving TB elimination goals in human populations. In conclusion, our study highlights the urgent imperative for coordinated action to control TB transmission effectively. By elucidating the dynamics of TB spread and intervention efficacy, we provide valuable insights to inform evidence-based policy decisions and accelerate progress towards TB elimination on a global scale.
Co-Authors Arthana Islamilova Chukwu, Chidozie W. Cindy Cynthia Denny Riama Silaban Devvi Sarwinda Dipo Aldila Farhana, Nadhilah Hati, Wanda Puspita Hengki Tasman Hertono, Gatot Fatwanto Joshita Djajadisastra Joshita Djajadisastra, Joshita Khoshnaw, Sarbaz H. A. Musyaffa, Muhammad Majid Rafi Putri Zahra Kamalia Ramadhan, Derio A. Sarbaz H.A. Khosnaw Sarwinda, Devvi Shahzad, Muhammad Tamalia, Evllyn Valentino Vito