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Journal : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

OCEAN OBSERVATION ON SST VARIABILITY AND SUBSURFACE SEA WATER TEMPERATURE OF THE NORTH PAPUA THE FATE OF EL_NINO 1997 & 2007 AND LA NINA 2002 : FIELD MEASUREMENT AND TRITON BUOY DATA Agus Hartoko
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 13, No 1 (2009): Volume 13, Number 1, Year 2009
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

The increasing need to introduce and emphasis the analysis of SST and its sub-surface layers of deepwater temperature (both horizontal and vertical) profile to analyze some oceanographic phenomenasuch as up-welling process and its relationship to its seasonal variability and spatial distribution wasinevitable. Especially to avoid the misleading interpretation of using only sea surface temperature datafor deep water fish biomass distribution analysis, etc. Field SST data of July – August 1997 wasmeasured by CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth) sensors on board of RV. BARUNA JAYA IV withaccuracy of 0.01 °C. Field SST data of 2002 and 2007 was derived from TRITON Buoy data base withpermission of Jamstec-Japan. All field and TRITON buoy SST data were processed into a spatial SSTlayer using Kriging method with Er_Mapper (Licensed user) software, and overlaid on the bathymetriclayer. Average daily SST east monsoon 1997 (El Nino event) was 28.46°C, where as presumably LaNina event 2002 : the average daily SST was 29.75°C and for 2007 was : 29.83°C indicates a higher SST than both 1997 and 2002. Average daily SST of west monsoon 2007 was 29.69°C. Daily SST of 2007 east monsoon was about 0.08 - 0.5°C higher than the same season of 2002 (TRITON Buoy data).The paper analyze and revealed the fate / occurrence of up welling zone in adjacent of Halmahera islands as well as the Hot Event (HE) phenomena through the analysis based on multi-layer and subsurface horizontal of both horizontal and vertical temperature of the field measurement 1997 and 2002 and 2007 TRITON data. Spatial multi-depth-layer approach had been developed in the paper is important for the analysis of deep water large pelagic fishery such as tuna fishery and its spatial distribution pattern.
APLICATION OF CHITOSAN FOR WATER QUALITY AND MACROBENTHIC FAUNA REHABILITATION IN VANNAMEI SHRIMPS (LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI) PONDS, NORTH COAST OF SEMARANG, CENTRAL JAVA - INDONESIA R. Ruswahyuni; Agus Hartoko; Siti Rudiyanti
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 14, No 1 (2010): Volume 14, Number 1, Year 2010
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Chitosan was widely known as natural food preservative such as noodle, meat ball, soy-tofu, wide variety offresh vegetables, fruits, meat and fish products, etc. Chitosan is a non-toxic substances, has no side effect ashuman food and was made from the shell of shrimps (Penaeidae), or swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus).Chitosan is primarily a polysacharids, with β-1,4-2 amino-2-deoxy- β- D-glucopyranose. The biopolymerhas various noble functional characters such as anti-moth, anti-bacterial, coagulating agent for suspension,or heavy metals. This substance had been examined in the Lab of Natural Product, Diponegoro Universityand give a significant effect as bacteriostatic and bactericides for pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonela.sp;Pseudomonas, E.coli, B.subtilis, S.aureus, P.aeruginosa. In the study, liquid chitosan (200 ppm) was used asanti- harmful/ pathogenic bacteria in the brackish water pond so that can eliminate and control the bacterialor virus outbreak which so far is the main problems in the fish and shrimp culture activities. The use ofchitosan in the brackish water ponds was carried out at a semi-traditional ponds at Mangkang Kulon northSemarang coastal area. The experiment had significantly decrease the suspended solid or increase watertransparency, and the organic content ( by 5 %) of the bottom susbtrate. Increase the abundance ofimportant macro-benthic organism such as Polychaeta (7-fold) as important natural feed for the cultured fishand shrimp as well as increase the diversity index of total macro-benthic organism. Decrease the growth ofdisease vector benthic organism such as Cherithidae (Gastropods) by 24.5% . With the application ofchitosan had significantly prevent the outbreak of fish and shrimp disease and increase up to 80 % thesurvival rate of Vanamae, as well as tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, and polkadot grouper (Cromileptes,sp)in another field application.
VERTICAL TEMPERATURE, THE FATE OF UP WELLING AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FISH BIOMASS OF NORTH PAPUA WATERS Agus Hartoko
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 10, No 3 (2007): Volume 10, Number 3, Year 2007
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

The increasing need to introduce and highlight the analysis of deep water temperature (both horizontal and vertical) profile for up welling process and its relationship to fish biomass spatial distribution was inevitable. Especially to avoid the misleading interpretation of using only surface water temperature data for deep water fish biomass analysis.The paper analyze and revealed the fate / occurrence of up welling zone in adjacent of Halmahera islands through the analysis of both multi-layer horizontal and vertical temperature data. Further analysis on the temperature and fish biomass data revealed the close relationship of horizontal temperature pattern especially at depth of 80m with spatial distribution of total fish biomass (acoustic numeric data : in dB unit) and fish biomass (ton/mile square) with fish total-length above 30cm.
MULTI LAYER SPATIAL ANALYSIS FOR DEMERSAL SHRIMP FISHERY AND SST WARMING IN THE SEMARANG COASTAL WATERS Agus Hartoko; Pramono Wibowo
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 15, No 1 (2011): Volume 15, Number 1, Year 2011
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

Semarang coastal waters is part of coastal zone at the north coast of Java that is still has their characters for coastal demersal fishery. It was known for a long time before, that Semarang coastal water is a very good fishing ground especially for some valuable demersal species, such as white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis), (Metapeneus.sp); flat fishes (3 species); Gastropods : Tiger snails (Babylonia.sp) and Bivalves : Anadara.sp. Some study that had been developed earlier in transforming from individual station data at coastal and seas, into visual-spatial layer in order to give more accurate spatial analysis of multiple parameters in the invisible coastal waters. This study present further development in the analysis of multi-layer spatial analysis. The samples of demersal coastal shrimp fishery and its closely related ecosystem parameters (depth; sediment; salinity) were taken randomly to represent the area of Semarang coastal zone. Field ecosystem and fishery samples data then processed using spatial method known as Kriging, and overlaid on a Landsat_TM satellite data. The study develops especially a multi layer of the field variables approach in order to analyze possible spatial multiple correlations between ecosystem parameter, such as type of bottom sediment, depth, and salinity to spatial distribution of shrimps spatial distribution as to represent demersal coastal fishery. This benthic fishery resources is regarded as the most vulnerable fishery due it’s sensitive character ie. sedentary and limited movement, is a good example to be used to monitor the impact of the environmental changes such global warming and climate change, such as seawater temperature anomaly in Semarang Coastal water (was found 1.39 ºC in March 1983) for the adaptation strategy in the future coastal resources management.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF Thunnus.sp, VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL SUB-SURFACE MULTILAYER TEMPERATURE PROFILES OF IN-SITU AGRO FLOAT DATA IN INDIAN OCEAN Agus Hartoko
JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Vol 14, No 1 (2010): Volume 14, Number 1, Year 2010
Publisher : JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT

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Abstract

The study was the first ever attempt in fisheries oceanography sciences to explore the empiric correlationbetween the spatial distribution of tuna (Thunnus.sp) and sub-surface in-situ temperature data. By means ofoptimalization and use of an in-situ data of both vertical and horizontal which will be processed into amultilayer subsurface seawater temperature of ARGO Float in Indian ocean. So far only sea surfacetemperature (with temperature around 29 °C) data were used to look for the correlation for tuna spatialdistribution, while the Thunnus.sp swimming layer as widely known is in about 80 – 250m depth withseawater temperature between 15 – 23 °C. The noble character of ARGO Float data is as in-situ datarecorded directly by the sensors, transmitted to the satellite, transmitted to the ground station and ready to beused by researcher all over the world.In the study, about 216 seawater temperature coordinates of ARGOFloat and actual tuna catch data in the same day were used to represent the dry season (April – November2007) analysis, and about 90 data were used for the rainy season (December – March 2007). The actualtuna catch and its coordinates data were collected with permission from PT. Perikanan Samudra Besar,(PT.PSB) Benoa – Bali Indonesia. Then both seawater temperature and tuna data were processed using aKrigging method or spatial interpolation method.Based on a monthly actual tuna production by fishing fleetof PT.PSB operated in Indian Ocean indicates that there were two cycles of low catch in March and July andhigh catch in May and December 2007. In general, seawater temperature in depth of 80m, 100m, 150m and200m of the dry season was 2 °C warmer than those of the rainy season. Range of seawater temperature willdecrease due to the water depth, range of seawater temperature at depth of 150m was between 14 – 22 °Cand at depth of 200m between 12 – 20 °C. Based on the regression and correlation between tuna catch andseawater temperature revealed that seawater temperature at depth 150m has the highest coefficient ofcorrelation than to the seawater temperature at depth 100m and 200m.