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Corina Stefania Drapaca
Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802,
Environmental Science

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Journal : Emerging Science Journal

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A Non-local Model of the Propagation of Action Potentials in Myelinated Neurons Corina Stefania Drapaca; Sahin Ozdemir; Elizabeth Proctor
Emerging Science Journal Vol 4, No 3 (2020): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-01219

Abstract

Myelinated neurons are characterized by the presence of myelin, a multilaminated wrapping around the axons formed by specialized neuroglial cells. Myelin acts as an electrical insulator and therefore, in myelinated neurons, the action potentials do not propagate within the axons but happen only at the nodes of Ranvier which are gaps in the axonal myelination. Recent advancements in brain science have shown that the shapes, timings, and propagation speeds of these so-called saltatory action potentials are controlled by various biochemical interactions among neurons, glial cells and the extracellular space. Given the complexity of brain’s structure and processes, the work hypothesis made in this paper is that non-local effects are involved in the optimal propagation of action potentials. A non- local model of the action potentials propagation in myelinated neurons is proposed that involves spatial derivatives of fractional order. The effects of non- locality on the distribution of the membrane potential are investigated using numerical simulations.
Co-Authors Elizabeth Proctor Sahin Ozdemir