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I Made Bendiyasa

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 4320438

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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DEACTIVATION OF PALLADIUM CATALYST SUPPORTED BY ALUMINA IN THE PRODUCTION OF GLYPHOSATE Edia Rahayuningsih; I Made Bendiyasa; Nuryono Nuryono; Jupiter Jupiter
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 11, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

During the production process of glyphosate from n-phosponomethyl iminodiacetic acid (NPMIDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 Five grams of NPMIDA, 0.3 grams of fresh palladium catalyst, and 85 mL of H), deactivation of the catalyst used may occur, which will decrease the production of glyphosate. To controll the rate of production the deactivation process of the catalyst needs to be evaluated. 2O were put into a three neck flask. One mL of H2O2 was added into the mixture every ten minutes, so that the total amount of H2O2 The activity as a function of temperature and time can be expressed as follows: added was 9 mL. The reaction was kept going for another 15 minutes. The catalyst was filtered and its filtrate collected in a 500 mL erlenmeyer glass. The filtrate was then naturally cooled to room temperature and 130 mL of technical grade ethanol was added to it. The solution was left overnight for the crystal formation. The glyphosate crystal formed was then separated from the solution and washed with 40 mL of technical grade ethanol, followed by 40 mL of technical grade ether. Finally the glyphosate crystal was dried in open air. The amount of crystal glyphosate produced was weighed and its purity was analyzed using UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The catalyst was then reused in the next experiments using the same procedure.The activity as a function of temperature and time can be expressed as follows:φ(T,t) = α t(-n) where α = 0.027T - 7.99 and (-n) = 0.005T + 1.62. These parameters hold for temperatures (T) of 333K to 363K. At 363K, the rate of deactivation of the catalyst is the fastest. Experiments that were run at 348K resulted in higher glyphosate productivity compared to other temperatures.

Photolysis Reaction of Linear Alkhylbenzene Sulphonate in Saturated Soil: Kinetics Parameters Evaluation Edia Rahayuningsih; I Made Bendiyasa; B Radjagukguk
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Fate of detergent of linear alkhylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) in the soil can be described if the values of kinetics parameters are known. The objectives of the study were to determine the kinetics parameters of photolysis reaction of LAS in saturated soil system, to identify variables affecting the parameters, and to set-up empirical equations correlating parameter to the pertinent variables. The experimental works were performed in batch reactor which was equipped with ultraviolet of 53 or 789 lumens. One hundred grams of soil was mixed with 1000 ml of water and then the mixture was left for 24 hour in the reactor. A certain amount of LAS was then added to the soil solution and stirrer was put on, so that the LAS concentration in the mixture became 20 ppm. Before the light put on, the soil solution was analyzed its biomass content using a plate count method and LAS concentration using Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) method. Subsequently the slurry were stirred and lighted continuously. At a certain time interval, 5 cubic centimeters of solution was taken from the reactor then its biomass content and LAS concentration were analyzed. The variables studied were different soil type and the light intensity. When effects of one variable studied, the other variables were kept constant.Photolysis reaction of LAS in saturated soil took place both in soil solution and particle. The kinetics parameters are the function of soil organic matter (%OM) and clay mineral (%CM) content, as well as light intensity. The photolysis reaction rate constants of LAS in soil solution and particle for light intensity of 53 lumens are described as follows:kPS = 3.79 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 4.41 x 10 -3 (%CM) kPL = 7.73 x 10 -3 (%OM) + 1.18 x 10 -3 (%CM) For the light intensity of 789 lumens, the kinetics parameters are kPS = 16.3 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 0.075 x 10 -3 (%CM) 30 Photolysis Reaction of Linear Alkhylbenzene Sulphonate in Saturated Soil: Kinetics Parameters Evaluation kPL = 49.3 x 10 -3 (%OM) + 1.46 x 10 -3 (%CM) kd = 8.06 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 7.39 x 10 -5 (%CM)

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Journal : ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering