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Ikhlef, Ismahene
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Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Journal : Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

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Applying genetic algorithm for optimizing return loss of proximity coupled microstrip antenna Chemachema, Karima; Ikhlef, Ismahene
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 13, No 6: December 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i6.7679

Abstract

The proximity-coupled rectangular microstrip antenna (PRMSA) is optimized using the genetic algorithm (GA) to improve key parameters such as input impedance, return loss, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Fitness functions for the GA program have been developed using the transmission-line method (TLM) to analyze the PRMSA. The stochastic search capabilities of GA address electromagnetic characteristics that are challenging for other optimization techniques. In this study, GA optimization technique has been utilized for the PRMSA; this antenna is optimized for its parameters as length of the patch, thickness, width and length of strip line in order to achieve better return loss. According to the existing results for calculating S11, we arrived at the smallest and best value (-28 dB) using GA compared to previous works using other methods. Further analysis is provided on how various antenna parameters affect performance. The GA was executed for 100 generations, with the optimized results enhancing the antenna’s efficiency. The computed results closely match the experimental data, and the accuracy of these results supports the effectiveness of using GA.
Performance analysis of a proximity-coupled triangular slot microstrip patch antenna for ship radar applications Ikhlef, Ismahene; Chemachema, Karima; Grine, Farouk
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i5.9637

Abstract

Microstrip patch antennas are extensively utilized in modern communication systems because of their small size and simple fabrication process. Among the different patch geometries, triangular patches offer size reduction compared to their rectangular and circular counterparts, making them suitable for space-constrained applications. This study focuses on the design and analysis of an equilateral triangular microstrip antenna (ETMSA) using proximity coupled feed with a triangular slot, targeting optimal performance at 2.2 GHz. The antenna is constructed using two FR4 substrates of identical permittivity but different thicknesses (h1 and h2), with a 50-ohm microstrip line feed positioned between them. The aim is to determine the optimal values of patch surface area, slot dimensions, and upper substrate thickness to achieve maximum bandwidth, minimal return loss, and ideal voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Simulations and measurements confirm that the antenna achieves a 120 MHz bandwidth achieving a return loss of –42 dB and a VSWR of 1.03, demonstrating excellent agreement. These results confirm the antenna's effectiveness for fixed-beam applications in wireless communication systems, highlighting its potential for efficient and compact antenna solutions.
Co-Authors Chemachema, Karima Grine, Farouk