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Muktirianur
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Efektifitas Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) dan Sumber Eksplan pada Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L) dan lada (Piper nigrum L): Effectiveness of the Combination Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) and Explant in Plant Tissue Cultures of Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) and Pepper (Piper nigrum L) Muktirianur; Yudi; Regina Selina Putri; Khairunnisa Azizah Salsabila
Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 12 No 2 (2023): Jurnal llmu Pertanian Agrifarm
Publisher : Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24903/ajip.v12i2.2256

Abstract

The plantation sector is one of the largest contributors to Indonesia's foreign exchange, this can be seen from the value of exports that have been contributed by the plantation sector. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) and pepper (Piper nigrum L) are plantation crops that contribute a lot to the country's foreign exchange. East Kalimantan is one of the areas that has a climate that supports the growth of cocoa and pepper plants, but their production is still very minimal. East Kalimantan has a large enough marginal land, marginal land is land that has environmental conditions that are less fertile or difficult to cultivate conventionally. The assembly of new varieties through tissue culture techniques makes it possible to produce many new plants in a short time, so that these new varieties can be used to increase cocoa and pepper production in East Kalimantan. This study aims to obtain the right combination of PGR and explant for the utilization of tissue culture on cocoa and pepper plants in assembling new varieties of cocoa and pepper plants in vitro. This research consists of two experiments. The first experiment was optimizing the explants and PGR combinations used for cocoa plants and the second experiment was optimizing the explants and PGR combinations used for pepper plants. The design used in this study was complete random design Factorial with 2 factors and 5 replications. The first factor used in this research is the source of the explants. For cocoa plants in the form of Staminoid (K1) and Petal (K2). As for pepper plants, namely leaves (L1) and shoots (L2). The second factor for each experiment was the combination of PGR in tissue culture media, namely solid WPM media with the addition 1 mg L-1 2,4D + 0,5 mg L-1 BAP + 30 g L-1 sucrose (W1) and Solid WPM with the addition of ZPT 1 mg L-1 NAA + 7 mg L-1 Kinetin + 30 g L-1 sucrose (W2). The use of WPM + 1 mg L-1 2,4D + 0,5 mg L-1 BAP (W1) media on both cocoa and pepper plants was able to induce callus. Whereas on WPM + 1 mg L-1 NAA + 7 mg L-1 Kinetin (W2) media it was able to form shoots. For the best source of explants used for the assembly process or propagation of cocoa and pepper plants, explants of cacao staminoid (K1) and pepper leaves (L1) can be used.
Efektivitas Beberapa Metode dalam Analisis Kromosom Tanaman Lai durian (Durio zibethinus x kutejensis) Asal Kalimantan Timur: Effectiveness of Several Methods in Choromosome Analysis of the Lai durian (Durio zibethinus x kutejensis) originated East Kalimantan Khairunnisa Azizah Salsabila; Muktirianur
Agrifarm : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 12 No 2 (2023): Jurnal llmu Pertanian Agrifarm
Publisher : Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24903/ajip.v12i2.2259

Abstract

East Kalimantan is one the center of Durio diversity in the world. The high diversity of durio species is a very important for breeding program to select and assembling new superior varieties. The study of the genetic/genomic status of Durio species especially the unindentified endemic plant like lai durian is very important. This study was conducted to find out an effective method for analyzing lai durian (Durio zibhethinus x kutejensis) chromosome as an effort to determine the genome status of the lai durian. This study was conducted at Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University from April to December 2020. Chromosome analysis used roots and shoots sample to observe chromosome profiles. The treatment of sampling time, time for pre-tretment, fixation, maceration and staining as well as the concentration of the respective solution treatment were applied to the samples. The cell, mitotic stages, and chomosomes profiles were observed under binocular microscope. This study showed in the method root-tips and shoot-tips are collected at 11.00 am, pretreated in 0.002 M 8-hydroyquinoline in refrigerator for 4 hours, fixed in ethanol:glacial acetic acid (v/v 3:1), macerated in 5 N hydrochloric acid at 65°C for 40 minutes, stained in 2% aceto-orcein for 1.5 hours and squashed in 2% aceto-orcein produced the best cell profile. Chromosomes profiles showing dividing cells can be observed in specimens taken from the root-tips and shoot-tips. Prophase, telophase, and cytokinesis stages can also be observed and are most commonly found in root and shoot tip specimens.
Co-Authors Khairunnisa Azizah Salsabila Regina Selina Putri Yudi