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Journal : Lex Publica

Criminal Law Policy on Carding in Indonesia: Addressing Legal Certainty and Regulatory Fragmentation Frensh, Wenggedes; Zulyadi, Rizkan; Dhaneswara, Nindya
Lex Publica Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58829/lp.12.2.2025.316

Abstract

This study examines the adequacy of legal regulations governing credit card misuse (carding) in cyberspace in Indonesia and their implications for legal certainty and law enforcement effectiveness. Using a normative juridical method, it analyzes key statutes, including Law No. 1 of 2024 (EIT Law amendment), Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection, and Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code, supported by conceptual and doctrinal approaches. The findings show that, although these regulations provide a general framework for addressing cybercrime, they remain fragmented and do not explicitly regulate carding as a distinct offense. This gap weakens legal certainty and limits effective enforcement. Two main issues are identified: the absence of specific criminal norms on carding and the lack of harmonization across criminal, cyber, and data protection laws. Current legal policy is also predominantly repressive, with limited preventive and victim-oriented measures.
Corporate Compliance with Net-Zero Target and Environmental Regulations: Lessons from South Korea for Indonesia Lisdiyono, Edy; Dhaneswara, Nindya; Budiharseno, Rianmahardhika Sahid
Lex Publica Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : APPTHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58829/lp.12.1.2025.300

Abstract

This study examines corporate compliance with net-zero emissions targets and environmental regulations in Indonesia and South Korea, with the aim of exploring lessons Indonesia can apply from South Korea's experience. The study uses a comparative, descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through a review of legal documents, government regulations, corporate reports, scientific journals, and international publications. The analysis focuses on comparing Indonesia's voluntary compliance system, which still relies on fiscal incentives and non-sanction evaluations, with South Korea's mandatory compliance system through the Framework Law on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth and the Korea Emissions Trading Scheme (K-ETS). The results show that South Korea's success in encouraging corporate compliance with net-zero is supported by a binding legal framework, integrated ESG reporting, and digital emissions monitoring. Meanwhile, Indonesia is still in the policy commitment stage. The study recommends strengthening the net-zero legal framework, integrating ESG-based reporting systems.